Developing Topics.

Background: Recent evidence suggests a potential link between systemic inflammation induced by viral infections like COVID-19 and the exacerbation of neurodegenerative processes in Alzheimer's disease (AD). This study aims to explore the novel idea that COVID-19 vaccines may offer neuroprotective effects against the progression of AD, leveraging machine learning techniques to analyze multimodal data sets.

Method: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving 10,000 participants aged 65 and older, with an initial diagnosis of early-stage AD, from five distinct geographic locations.

Developing Topics.

Background: Emerging research indicates that autophagy, a cellular degradation process, may be triggered by certain immune responses, including those by vaccines. This study aims to examine whether the SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, known to induce robust immune activation, can trigger autophagic pathways that facilitate the degradation of amyloid-beta (Aβ), a pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD). By applying deep learning techniques to analyze complex immunological and neurological data, this study explores a potentially innovative therapeutic strategy for AD.

Uncovering pathways towards sustainable transportation: Investigating factors influencing societal acceptance of end-of-life vehicle management in Indonesia.

Addressing the critical environmental challenge of end-of-life vehicle (ELV) management in Indonesia's transportation industry, this study investigates the complex interplay between societal factors and technical adoption. We use a comprehensive survey and path analysis to investigate the relationships between demographic characteristics (gender, age, income and education) and ELV acceptance, revealing complex preferences and concerns across several population groups. Comparative analyses with previous research reveal gender-specific inequities and age-related problems, emphasizing the importance of customized measures.

Securing the rights and health of domestic workers: the importance of ratifying the ILO's C189.

This commentary highlights the critical importance of ratifying the International Labour Organization's (ILO) Domestic Workers Convention No. 189-2011 (C189) to secure the rights and health of domestic workers (DWs) worldwide, particularly in light of the World Health Organization's World Health Day 2024 theme 'My Health, My Right'. The ILO's C189 represents a significant advancement in labour rights, offering protection to a highly feminised sector where women make up 80% of the estimated 50-100 million DWs worldwide.

The morphological diagnosis of 2 economically important subterranean termites in Western Indonesia, Coptotermes curvignathus and Coptotermes gestroi (Blattodea, Rhinotermitidae).

In Indonesia, the control of Coptotermes curvignathus populations as living tree termite pests has been carried out since the early 20th century. Recently, C. curvignathus has been considered the main termite pest and designated as the only species model for wood and wood products resistance tests against subterranean termite attack testing protocol in the Indonesian National Standard (SNI).

Comparative analysis of short-chain fatty acid levels in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis rat model: Impact of high-fat high-fructose (HFHF), high fat, and Western diets.

The evidence on the role of diets in the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) was limited. The aim of this study was to assess the potential effects of high-fat high-fructose (HFHF), high-fat, and Western diets on the levels of SCFA. A research experiment employing a post-test-only control group design was carried out from January to April 2022.

rs9514828 C>T Polymorphism is Associated with Incidence of Atherosclerosis and Therapeutic Outcomes in Patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus.

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease with numerous clinical manifestations. Organ involvement can aggravate patients with SLE and cause comorbidities such as atherosclerosis. Recently, the gene has been found to be linked with SLE events.

Magnetic susceptibility in the assessment of toxic heavy metal elements in the surface sediments of Inner Ambon Bay, Maluku province, Indonesia.

The Inner Ambon Bay (IAB) is an important area for the economic development of the city of Ambon, one of only a few urban areas in eastern Indonesia. This study is intended to monitor the anthropogenic impact on IAB by employing combined rock magnetic and geochemical analyses on 20 samples collected from IAB and the surrounding rivers. Magnetic susceptibility values of samples in the IAB averaged 26.

Airway epithelial cell response to RSV is mostly impaired in goblet and multiciliated cells in asthma.

Background: In patients with asthma, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections can cause disease exacerbation by infecting the epithelial layer of the airways, inducing subsequent immune response. The type I interferon antiviral response of epithelial cells upon RSV infection is found to be reduced in asthma in most-but not all-studies. Moreover, the molecular mechanisms causing the differences in the asthmatic bronchial epithelium in response to viral infection are poorly understood.

Estimating the phase diagrams of deep eutectic solvents within an extensive chemical space.

Assessing the formation of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) necessitates a solid-liquid equilibrium phase diagram. Yet, many studies focusing on DES applications do not include this diagram because of challenges in measurement, leading to misidentified eutectic points. The present study provides a practical approach for estimating the phase diagram of any binary mixture from the structural information, utilizing machine learning and quantum chemical techniques.

The Effect of Anthropometric Shoes on Lactic Acid Reduction in Nurses: A Mixed-Methods Study from Indonesia.

Background: The mobilization characteristics of nurses' work, such as standing, walking, and transferring patients for a long time, can increase the risk of musculoskeletal disorders. Repetitive activities nurses perform can cause foot problems such as discomfort and insecurity, characterized by increased lactic acid levels. Anthropometric shoes are specifically designed to reduce complaints on nurses' feet.

Comparison of media for a human peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based vaccine evaluation system.

Purpose: Human peripheral blood mononuclear cell (PBMC)-based systems can be of great value in the development and assessment of vaccines but require the right medium for optimal performance of the different cell types present. Here, we compare three commonly used media for their capacity to support innate and adaptive immune responses evoked in PBMCs by Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands and whole inactivated virus (WIV) influenza vaccine.

Materials And Methods: Human PBMCs were cultured for different periods of time in Roswell Park Memorial Institute (RPMI), Dulbecco's minimal essential medium (DMEM), or Iscove's modified DMEM (IMDM) supplemented with 10% fetal calf serum.

Designing one-step reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification for serotype O foot-and-mouth disease virus detection during the 2022 outbreak in East Java, Indonesia.

Background And Aim: Various methods can detect foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in cows, but they necessitate resources, time, costs, laboratory facilities, and specific clinical specimen submission, often leading to FMD virus (FMDV) diagnosis delays. The 2022 FMD outbreak in East Java, Indonesia, highlighted the need for an easy, inexpensive, rapid, and accurate detection approach. This study aims to devise a one-step reverse transcriptase loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) technique and phylogenetic analysis to detect the serotype O FMDV outbreak in East Java.

Development of Chimeric Hepatitis B (HBV) - Norovirus (NoV) P particle as candidate vaccine against Hepatitis B and norovirus infection.

Introduction: Hepatitis B remains a global problem with no effective treatment. Here, a mucosal vaccine candidate was developed with HBsAg and HBcAg, to provide both prophylactic and therapeutic protection against hepatitis B. The antigens were presented using the P particle of human norovirus (HuNov).

Residual behavior and dietary risk assessment of albendazole as fungicide in citrus orchards.

Albendazole is a broad-spectrum fungicide that shows great potential in controlling fungal diseases in citrus. To quantify the dissipation behavior, residue distribution, and dietary risk of albendazole in citrus, we developed an UPLC-MS/MS analysis protocol. The average recovery rate of albendazole in whole citrus and citrus pulp ranged from 74 to 105% with an RSD of 3 to 8%, and a limit of quantification of 0.

New steroid produced by K5 isolated from (Meliaceae) and its heme polymerization inhibition activity.

A new ergostane-type steroid named (22)-3α,6α,9α-ergosta-7,22-diene-3,6,9-triol (), along with six known steroids 5α,8α-epidioxy-24-ethyl-cholest-6-en-3β-ol (), ergosterol-5,8-peroxide (), cerevisterol (), isocyathisterol (), 6β-hydroxystigmast-4-en-3-one (), 6β-hydroxy-4-campesten-3-one (), were isolated from the fermented unpolished rice media by K5 (Periconiaceae), an endophytic fungus from medicinal plant (Meliaceae). The fermentation takes at 28 ± 2 °C for 30 days. The structure of new steroid ( was elucidated by extensive spectroscopic measurements (IR, HR-ESI-TOFMS, and 1D and 2D NMR) analyses.

Co-infection of TYLCV and ToCV increases cathepsin B and promotes ToCV transmission by MED.

Tomato disease is an important disease affecting agricultural production, and the combined infection of tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV) and tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV) has gradually expanded in recent years, but no effective control method has been developed to date. Both viruses are transmitted by Mediteranean (MED). Previously, we found that after MED was fed on ToCV-and TYLCV-infected plants, the transmission efficiency of ToCV was significantly higher than that on plants infected only with ToCV.

Multi-Drug-Resistant Elizabethkingia meningoseptica: A Rare Cause of Late-Onset Sepsis in a Preterm Neonate.

Elizabethkingia meningoseptica is a gram-negative bacillus and is a rare cause of opportunistic infections. Literature shows that this gram-negative bacillus may cause early-onset sepsis in neonates and immunocompromised adults; however, it is a rare cause of late-onset sepsis or meningitis in neonates. We hereby delineate a case of a preterm neonate, born at 35 weeks of gestation, presenting to us on the eleventh day after birth, with fever, tachycardia, and delayed reflexes.

Phylogenetic analysis of feline infectious peritonitis virus, feline enteric coronavirus, and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 of cats in Surabaya, Indonesia.

Background And Aim: Questions about the origin of coronavirus and its introduction to human beings have persisted. The detection of a variety of coronavirus related to severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in bats and pangolins led to the widespread belief that SARS-CoV-2 originated from wild ani-mals and was introduced to humans through an inter-mediate animal. Thus, coronaviruses from animals, especially those in close contact with humans, have attracted particular attention.

Amino Acid Leaching of Critical Metals from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries Followed by Selective Recovery of Cobalt Using Aqueous Biphasic System.

To reduce the exploitation of mine resources and decrease the harm to the environment caused by urban electronic wastes, the recovery of critical metals in secondary resources is crucial. In this study, we have successfully developed an eco-friendly process to integrate the leaching and separation of cobalt (Co) from a spent lithium-ion battery (LIB) cathode using an amino acid-based aqueous biphasic system (ABS). We, for the first time, demonstrated a simple method for leaching a LIB cathode using only amino acids.

The Spectrum of Postoperative Complications and Outcomes After Open Adrenalectomy: An Experience From a Developing Country.

Background Open adrenalectomy is an invasive surgical procedure that is commonly performed for adrenal gland neoplasms in developing countries. Due to its complexity, the patients are predisposed to a number of complications and dismal outcomes. The objective of our study is to assess different characteristics of patients undergoing open adrenalectomy, including their histology, postoperative complications, and outcomes.

Resin Glycosides from Convolvulaceae Family: An Update.

Resin glycoside is a type of secondary metabolite isolated commonly from the Convolvulaceae family. It consists of oligosaccharides conjugated to organic acids with a larger percentage having a macrocyclic structure. The resin glycosides reported in this review is classified mostly based on the number of sugar units constructing the structure, which is correlated to the biological properties of the compounds.