Voucher incentives to improve viral suppression among HIV-positive people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men in India: a cluster randomised trial.

Background: Progress on HIV treatment outcomes for people who inject drugs and men who have sex with men in India has been slow compared with that in other populations. We assessed whether HIV treatment incentives would improve outcomes among these groups.

Methods: We did a matched-pair, cluster randomised trial in 16 sites (eight for people who inject drugs and eight for men who have sex with men) across 15 cities in India.