Crystal structure of human peptidylarginine deiminase type VI (PAD6) provides insights into its inactivity.

Human peptidylarginine deiminase isoform VI (PAD6), which is predominantly limited to cytoplasmic lattices in the mammalian oocytes in ovarian tissue, is essential for female fertility. It belongs to the peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD) enzyme family that catalyzes the conversion of arginine residues to citrulline in proteins. In contrast to other members of the family, recombinant PAD6 was previously found to be catalytically inactive.

Evaluation of cyclooxygenase oxylipins as potential biomarker for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation and type 2 diabetes using targeted multiple reaction monitoring mass spectrometry.

Introduction: Obesity is associated with adipose tissue inflammation which in turn drives insulin resistance and the development of type 2 diabetes. Oxylipins are a collection of lipid metabolites, subdivided in different classes, which are involved in inflammatory cascades. They play important roles in regulating adipose tissue homeostasis and inflammation and are therefore putative biomarkers for obesity-associated adipose tissue inflammation and the subsequent risk of type 2 diabetes onset.