[Urothelial carcinoma of the upper and lower urinary tract-which risk factors make early detection worthwhile?].

Urothelial carcinoma is one of the most common malignancies both in Germany and worldwide. Due to the frequent occurrence of late-onset or nonspecific symptoms, carcinomas are often diagnosed at advanced stages. Structured early detection programs have the potential to detect urothelial carcinoma in earlier stages and to improve survival rates.

The antimicrobial potential of traditional remedies of Indigenous peoples from Canada against MRSA planktonic and biofilm bacteria in wound infection mimetic conditions.

Methicillin-resistant (MRSA) is the leading cause of wound infections, often progressing into serious invasive bloodstream infections. MRSA disproportionately affects Indigenous peoples in Canada with higher rates of skin and wound infections, an example of persistent gaps in health outcomes between Indigenous and non-Indigenous peoples precipitated by the legacy of colonialism. Conversely, Indigenous peoples have long used natural remedies for infections and other diseases; however, their knowledge was rarely considered for modern medicine.

Ureter-ileum-interposition: Combined experience from two high-volume centres.

Unlabelled: The current study aimed to evaluate short- and long-term complication rates and functional outcomes in a substantial cohort of patients undergoing ileal ureter interposition at two high-volume medical centres.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective single-arm analysis was conducted on patients who underwent ureter reconstruction using ileum between 2003 and 2022 at the University Clinic of Cologne and the National Cancer Institute of Ukraine. Data on aetiology, surgical techniques, pre- and postoperative kidney function changes, readmission rates and complication management were collected.

Cost-effectiveness Analysis in the New Era of Treatment Strategies in Metastatic Urothelial Carcinoma Based on Checkmate-901 and EV302/Keynote-A39.

Background And Objective: Metastatic urothelial carcinoma (mUCa) ranks as the costliest cancer to treat per patient due to frequent interventions and expensive follow-ups. Investigating first-line therapies, combinations such as enfortumab vedotin + pembrolizumab (EV + P) and gemcitabine/cisplatin + nivolumab exhibit significant overall survival benefits compared with the standard treatment (SoC; gemcitabine/cisplatin). Here, we conducted a cost-effectiveness analysis for mUCa.

Performance of a Novel Continuous Glucose Monitoring Device in People With Diabetes.

Background: In this multicenter study, performance of a novel continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) system was evaluated.

Methods: Adult participants with diabetes were included in the study. They each wore three sensors of the CGM system on the upper arms for up to 14 days.

Preservation of the native urethral plate and corpus spongiosum combined with buccal mucosa graft plus Orandi's penile skin flap as an alternative to staged urethroplasty for narrow penile strictures.

Objective: In narrow anterior urethral strictures, the combined buccal mucosa graft (BMG) with pedicled penile skin flap (PSF) represents a well-known effective alternative to staged urethroplasty. We hypothesized that if the native urethral plate and adjacent corpus spongiosum were preserved, a narrower flap would be needed, and reinforced ventral stability could be achieved without compromising the surgical outcome.

Methods: Twelve patients with narrow penile urethral strictures underwent single-stage augmentation urethroplasty using a combined technique.

Barriers and Enablers Affecting the Uptake of Biosimilar Medicines Viewed Through the Lens of Actor Network Theory: A Systematic Review.

Background And Objective: Biosimilars represent an opportunity to realise savings against the costs of innovative medicines. Despite efforts made by stakeholders, there are numerous barriers to the uptake of biosimilars. To realise the promise of biosimilars reducing costs, barriers must be identified, understood, and overcome, and enablers magnified.

HIVEC as an alternative option in non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer: Experiences from a high-volume center.

Background: High risk non-muscle invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) is usually treated with intravesical BCG-therapy. In case of BCG failure radical cystectomy (RC) is the treatment of choice. Nevertheless, many patients are unfit for or unwilling to undergo RC.

Efficacy of a Digital Diabetes Logbook for People With Type 1, Type 2, and Gestational Diabetes: Results From a Multicenter, Open-Label, Parallel-Group, Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: In a randomized controlled trial, the efficacy of a digital diabetes diary regarding a reduction of diabetes distress was evaluated.

Methods: A randomized controlled trial with a 12-week follow-up was conducted in 41 study sites across Germany. Key eligibility criteria were a diagnosis of type 1, type 2, or gestational diabetes and regular self-monitoring of blood glucose.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of different treatment modalities in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC.

Objective: Radical cystectomy (RC) is the standard of care (SOC) in BCG-unresponsive NMIBC and is associated with a significant health-related quality-of-life burden. Recently, promising results have been published on Gemcitabine/Docetaxel, Pembrolizumab, and Hyperthermic Intravesical Chemotherapy (HIVEC) as salvage therapy options trying to increase the rate of bladder preservation. Here, we performed a Cost-Effectiveness-Analysis of those treatment modalities.

Cystic Pelvic Masses in Men: A Presentation of Uncommon Cases and a Literature Review.

Unclear cystic masses in the pelvis in male patients are a rare situation and could be of benign or malignant origin. The underlying diseases demand for specific diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We present a case series of 3 male patients with different clinical symptoms (perineal pain, urinary retention and a large scrotal cyst) related to cystic lesions in the pelvic region.

Communication between healthcare providers and communicatively-vulnerable patients with associated health outcomes: A scoping review of knowledge syntheses.

Objective: Summarize literature on provider-patient communication linked to health outcomes in communicatively-vulnerable patient populations.

Methods: Scoping review of reviews: systematically searched six databases.

Inclusion Criteria: systematic searches and syntheses of literature; one or more providers and communicatively-vulnerable patients; synchronous in-person communication; intermediate or health outcome linked to communication.

Addendum to the German Consensus Recommendations on Ponatinib in the Treatment of Chronic Myeloid Leukemia.

Background: Based on the new data from the primary analysis of the OPTIC (Optimizing Ponatinib Treatment in CP-CML) trial on dose optimization of ponatinib in patients with chronic phase (CP)-CML, the German consensus paper on ponatinib published in 2020 (Saussele S et al., Acta Haematol. 2020) has been updated in this addendum.

[Emergencies in cancer therapy: surgical indications under systemic therapy].

Emergency surgery due to side-effects of cancer therapy in patients with metastatic disease of the genitourinary tract is rare. Nevertheless, there are a number of emergencies that require rapid intervention and should be recognized by every uro-oncologist. The following review will work out important side-effects requiring surgical treatment, highlighting the main symptoms and the initial management.

Retropharyngeal Abscess With Mediastinal Extension: A Case Series and Review of the Literature.

Deep neck infections are common in infants and occur in several anatomic subsites including the retropharyngeal space. Retropharyngeal abscesses are significant given their propensity for mediastinal extension and can have life-threatening sequelae. We present 3 cases of retropharyngeal abscess with mediastinal extension in infants.

Prediction of Significant Prostate Cancer in Equivocal Magnetic Resonance Imaging Lesions: A High-volume International Multicenter Study.

Background: Decision of performing prostate biopsy in men with Prostate Imaging Reporting and Data System (PI-RADS) 3 findings in prostate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is challenging as they have a low but still relevant risk of harboring significant prostate cancer (sPC).

Objective: To identify clinical predictors of sPC in men with PI-RADS 3 lesions in prostate MRI and to analyze the hypothetical effect of incorporating prostate-specific antigen density (PSAD) into biopsy decision.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We analyzed a retrospective multinational cohort from ten academic centers comprising 1476 men who underwent a combined prostate biopsy (MRI targeted plus systematic biopsy) between February 2012 and April 2021 due to a PI-RADS 3 lesion in prostate MRI.

AGIHO guideline on evidence-based management of COVID-19 in cancer patients: 2022 update on vaccination, pharmacological prophylaxis and therapy in light of the omicron variants.

The novel coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 and the associated infectious disease COVID-19 pose a significant challenge to healthcare systems worldwide. Patients with cancer have been identified as a high-risk population for severe infections, rendering prophylaxis and treatment strategies for these patients particularly important. Rapidly evolving clinical research, resulting in the recent advent of various vaccines and therapeutic agents against COVID-19, offers new options to improve care and protection of cancer patients.

Cytoreductive radical prostatectomy: who benefits from the surgical approach?

Purpose Of Review: Local treatment in oligometastatic prostate cancer patients is associated with improved survival. Nevertheless, in term of surgery, cytoreductive radical prostatectomy has no level of evidence 1 and is an individual treatment approach. We reviewed the recent literature to highlight parameters for selecting patients for a surgical approach.

Importance of magnetic resonance imaging and prostate-specific membrane antigen PET-CT in patients treated with salvage radical prostatectomy for radiorecurrent prostate cancer.

Background: Accurate staging and identification of optimal candidates for local salvage therapy, such as salvage radical prostatectomy (SRP), is necessary to ensure optimal care in patients with radiorecurrent prostate cancer (PCa). We aimed to analyze performance of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) for predicting pathologic nonorgan confined disease (pT3) and lymph node involvement (pN+) in patients treated with SRP for radiorecurrent PCa.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the institutional database to identify patients who underwent MRI or Ga-PSMA-PET/CT before SRP for radiorecurrent PCa.

A Preliminary Study to Design and Evaluate Pneumatically Controlled Soft Robotic Actuators for a Repetitive Hand Rehabilitation Task.

A stroke is an infarction in the cortical region of the brain that often leads to isolated hand paresis. This common side effect renders individuals compromised in their ability to actively flex or extend the fingers of the affected hand. While there are currently published soft robotic glove designs, this article proposed a unique design that allows users to self-actuate their therapy due to the ability to re-extend the hand using a layer of resistive flexible steel.

Prediction of Response to Cisplatin-Based Neoadjuvant Chemotherapy of Muscle-Invasive Bladder Cancer Patients by Molecular Subtyping including KRT and FGFR Target Gene Assessment.

Patients with muscle-invasive urothelial carcinoma achieving pathological complete response (pCR) upon neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) have improved prognosis. Molecular subtypes of bladder cancer differ markedly regarding sensitivity to cisplatin-based chemotherapy and harbor FGFR treatment targets to various content. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether preoperative assessment of molecular subtype as well as FGFR target gene expression is predictive for therapeutic outcome—rate of ypT0 status—to justify subsequent prospective validation within the “BladderBRIDGister”.

Bryostatin-1 Attenuates Ischemia-Elicited Neutrophil Transmigration and Ameliorates Graft Injury after Kidney Transplantation.

Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a form of sterile inflammation whose severity determines short- and long-term graft fates in kidney transplantation. Neutrophils are now recognized as a key cell type mediating early graft injury, which activates further innate immune responses and intensifies acquired immunity and alloimmunity. Since the macrolide Bryostatin-1 has been shown to block neutrophil transmigration, we aimed to determine whether these findings could be translated to the field of kidney transplantation.