A taste of wilderness: supplementary feeding of red deer (Cervus elaphus) increases individual bacterial microbiota diversity but lowers abundance of important gut symbionts.

The gut microbiome plays a crucial role in the health and well-being of animals. It is especially critical for ruminants that depend on this bacterial community for digesting their food. In this study, we investigated the effects of management conditions and supplemental feeding on the gut bacterial microbiota of red deer (Cervus elaphus) in the Bavarian Forest National Park, Germany.

Psychosomatic aspects of galactorrhea.

We interviewed 33 women with non-puerperal galactorrhea, 5 (15%) of whom had HPRL levels greater than 18 ng/ml and 24 controls, namely women with benign breast lesions. We used a semi-structured interview covering the duration of symptoms, preceding life events and the effect on the relationship of the couple. We also used the Beck depression inventory, the Strauss and Appelt body image questionnaire and an 8 item Visual Analogue Scale (VAS).