Rapid induction of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma expression in human monocytes by monosodium urate monohydrate crystals.

Objective: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPAR gamma) is a member of the nuclear hormone receptor superfamily and functions as a key regulator of lipid and glucose metabolism, atherosclerosis, and inflammatory responses. This study was undertaken to evaluate the biologic role of PPAR gamma in self-limiting episodes of acute gouty arthritis. To do this, we investigated PPAR gamma expression by monosodium urate monohydrate (MSU) crystal-stimulated monocytes, and we studied the effects of PPAR gamma ligands on crystal-induced acute inflammation.

Production of macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha (MIP-3alpha) (CCL20) and MIP-3beta (CCL19) by human peripheral blood neutrophils in response to microbial pathogens.

Effects of bacterial pathogens on the production of macrophage inflammatory protein 3alpha (MIP-3alpha) and MIP-3beta from human peripheral blood neutrophils were investigated. Neutrophils produced both chemokines by coincubation with either gram-positive or gram-negative bacteria. Neutrophils may initiate antigen-specific immune responses through the release of these chemokines that are capable of promoting selective recruitment of dendritic cells and T-cell subsets.