Longitudinal cognitive performance of participants with sporadic early onset Alzheimer's disease from LEADS.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) manifests prior to the age of 65, and affects 4%-8% of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). The current analyses sought to examine longitudinal cognitive trajectories of participants with early-onset dementia.

Methods: Data from 307 cognitively normal (CN) volunteer participants and those with amyloid-positive EOAD or amyloid-negative cognitive impairment (EOnonAD) were compared.

Differences in baseline cognitive performance between participants with early-onset and late-onset Alzheimer's disease: Comparison of LEADS and ADNI.

Introduction: Early-onset Alzheimer's disease (EOAD) and late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) share similar amyloid etiology, but evidence from smaller-scale studies suggests that they manifest differently clinically. Current analyses sought to contrast the cognitive profiles of EOAD and LOAD.

Methods: Z-score cognitive-domain composites for 311 amyloid-positive sporadic EOAD and 314 amyloid-positive LOAD participants were calculated from baseline data from age-appropriate control cohorts.

Does 24/7 care result in better outcomes for adults with eating disorders? A comparison of inpatient/residential care to partial hospitalization/intensive outpatient care for patients at low BMIs.

Background: Higher level of care (HLOC) treatment for eating disorders (EDs) is sometimes necessary, but research is lacking on whether HLOCs are actually more effective than less structured, lower levels of care. The purpose of the current study was to compare outcomes for patients with EDs at low weights who entered 24/7 care (inpatient and residential) to those entering non-24/7 care (partial hospitalization programming and intensive outpatient programming).

Methods: Participants were 1104 adults with body mass indices (BMI) between 14 and 17 receiving treatment for an ED at a large multisite treatment facility offering HLOCs between August 2019 and February 2024.

Palliative Care for Refractory Depressive Symptoms in a Female Veteran Geriatric Patient.

AbstractPsychiatric treatment options, such as electroconvulsive therapy (ECT), can be lifesaving for individuals suffering from severe mental illness. For individuals who are unable to make or communicate their own medical decisions, this decision may fall on a legal guardian, who will make decisions on the patient's behalf. Here we discuss the considerations of end-of-life planning in a patient with severe mental illness under guardianship when treatment modalities, in this case ECT, are no longer effective.

ADO09, a co-formulation of pramlintide and insulin A21G, lowers body weight versus insulin lispro in type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To study safety, efficacy and weight loss with ADO09, a co-formulation of insulin A21G and pramlintide, in type 1 diabetes.

Materials And Methods: A randomized, two-arm ambulatory 16-week study compared ADO09 with insulin lispro in 80 participants with type 1 diabetes. We compared changes of weight, glycated haemoglobin, glycaemic patterns during continuous glucose monitoring, and insulin doses at baseline and at the end of treatment.

Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 increases invasion of recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa-associated cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by modifying transforming growth factor-β signalling.

Background: Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa (RDEB) is a rare genetic skin-blistering disorder that often progresses to metastatic cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (cSCC) at chronic wound sites. Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan 4 (CSPG4) is a cell-surface proteoglycan that is an oncoantigen in multiple malignancies, where it modulates oncogenic signalling, drives epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and enables cell motility.

Objectives: To evaluate CSPG4 expression and function in RDEB cSCC.

Twin Prime Editing Mediated Exon Skipping/Reinsertion for Restored Collagen VII Expression in Recessive Dystrophic Epidermolysis Bullosa.

Gene editing nucleases, base editors, and prime editors are potential locus-specific genetic treatment strategies for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa; however, many recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa COL7A1 pathogenic nucleotide variations (PNVs) are unique, making the development of personalized editing reagents challenging. A total of 270 of the ∼320 COL7A1 epidermolysis bullosa PNVs reside in exons that can be skipped, and antisense oligonucleotides and gene editing nucleases have been used to create in-frame deletions. Antisense oligonucleotides are transient, and nucleases generate deleterious double-stranded DNA breaks and uncontrolled mixtures of allele products.

Integrating Porous Silicon Nanoneedles within Medical Devices for Nucleic Acid Nanoinjection.

Porous silicon nanoneedles can interface with cells and tissues with minimal perturbation for high-throughput intracellular delivery and biosensing. Typically, nanoneedle devices are rigid, flat, and opaque, which limits their use for topical applications in the clinic. We have developed a robust, rapid, and precise substrate transfer approach to incorporate nanoneedles within diverse substrates of arbitrary composition, flexibility, curvature, transparency, and biodegradability.

Creation and characterization of novel rat model for recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa: Frameshift mutation of the Col7a1 gene leads to severe blistered phenotype.

Recessive dystrophic epidermolysis bullosa is a rare genodermatosis caused by a mutation of the Col7a1 gene. The Col7a1 gene codes for collagen type VII protein, a major component of anchoring fibrils. Mutations of the Col7a1 gene can cause aberrant collagen type VII formation, causing an associated lack or absence of anchoring fibrils.

"Terminal anorexia nervosa" may not be terminal: An empirical evaluation.

Gaudiani et al. (2022) presented terminal anorexia nervosa (T-AN) as a potential new specifier to the anorexia nervosa (AN) diagnosis, with criteria including (a) AN diagnosis, (b) age > 30 years, (c) previously participated in high-quality care, and (d) the clear, consistent determination by a patient with decision-making capacity that additional treatment would be futile, knowing death will result. This study's purpose was to empirically examine a subgroup of participants with AN who met the first three criteria of T-AN-and a smaller subset who also met a proxy index of the fourth criterion involving death (TD-AN)-and compare them to an adult "not terminal" anorexia nervosa (NT-AN) group and to a "not terminal" subset 30 years of age or older (NTO-AN).

Host evolution shapes gut microbiome composition in .

The ecological and genetic changes that underlie the evolution of host-microbe interactions remain elusive, primarily due to challenges in disentangling the variables that alter microbiome composition. To understand the impact of host habitat, host genetics, and evolutionary history on microbial community structure, we examined gut microbiomes of river- and three cave-adapted morphotypes of the Mexican tetra, , in their natural environments and under controlled laboratory conditions. Field-collected samples were dominated by very few taxa and showed considerable interindividual variation.

Comparing eating disorder treatment outcomes of transgender and gender diverse adolescents with those of cisgender adolescents.

Objective: Eating disorder (ED), depression, and anxiety symptoms at admission and discharge were compared, as were admission-to-discharge changes, for transgender and gender diverse (TGD), and cisgender adolescents receiving intensive treatment for EDs.

Method: Participants were 44 TGD and 573 cisgender adolescents admitted to a treatment facility. Participants completed the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9), and Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) at admission and discharge.

Alloengraftment without significant toxicity or GVHD in CD45 antibody-drug conjugate-conditioned Fanconi anemia mice.

Fanconi anemia (FA) is an inherited DNA repair disorder characterized by bone marrow (BM) failure, developmental abnormalities, myelodysplasia, leukemia, and solid tumor predisposition. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), a mainstay treatment, is limited by conditioning regimen-related toxicity and graft-versus-host disease (GVHD). Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) targeting hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) can open marrow niches permitting donor stem cell alloengraftment.

Background incidence rates of health outcomes in populations at risk for Lyme disease using US administrative claims data.

Background: Background incidence rates (IRs) of health outcomes in Lyme disease endemic regions are useful to contextualize events reported during Lyme disease vaccine clinical trials or post-marketing. The objective of this study was to estimate and compare IRs of health outcomes in Lyme disease endemic versus non-endemic regions in the US during pre-COVID and COVID era timeframes.

Methods: IQVIA PharMetrics® Plus commercial claims database was used to estimate IRs of 64 outcomes relevant to vaccine safety monitoring in the US during January 1, 2017-December 31, 2019 and January 1, 2020-December 31, 2021.