Opportunities for Eradication beyond Conventional Antibiotics.

() is a bacterium known to be associated with a significant risk of gastric cancer in addition to chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer, and MALT lymphoma. Although only a small percentage of patients infected with develop gastric cancer, Gastric cancer causes more than 750,000 deaths worldwide, with 90% of cases being caused by The eradication of this bacterium rests on multiple drug regimens as guided by various consensus. However, the efficacy of empirical therapy is decreasing due to antimicrobial resistance.

Molecular Mechanisms of Biofilm Formation in .

Background: Biofilm formation in () helps bacteria survive antibiotic exposure and supports bacterial colonization and persistence in the stomach. Most of the published articles have focused on one aspect of the biofilm. Therefore, we conducted the current study to better understand the mechanism of biofilm formation, how the biofilm contributes to antibiotic resistance, and how the biofilm modifies the medication delivery mechanism.

An ancient ecospecies of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori disturbs the stomach lining during long-term colonization of its human host, with sequelae including ulcers and gastric cancer. Numerous H. pylori virulence factors have been identified, showing extensive geographic variation.

IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in the Development of Erosive Esophagitis and Symptom Perception in Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD).

The diverse clinical characteristics of erosive esophagitis (EE) and symptom perception in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) remain a major challenge in understanding their underlying pathogenesis. This study aimed to investigate the association between the levels of IL-8, TNF-α, and IL-17 in serum and the presence of erosive esophagitis and symptoms related to GERD. We enrolled 65 subjects presenting with GERD symptoms.

Pathogenomics of Helicobacter pylori.

The human stomach bacterium Helicobacter pylori, the causative agent of gastritis, ulcers and adenocarcinoma, possesses very high genetic diversity. H. pylori has been associated with anatomically modern humans since their origins over 100,000 years ago and has co-evolved with its human host ever since.

Study of Isolated from a High-Gastric-Cancer-Risk Population: Unveiling the Comprehensive Analysis of Virulence-Associated Genes including Secretion Systems, and Genome-Wide Association Study.

Background: The prevalence of gastric cancer in Mongolia, in East Asia, remains the highest in the world. However, most strains in Mongolia have a less virulent Western-type CagA. We aimed to determine how genomic variation affected gastric diseases, especially gastric cancer, based on comprehensive genome analysis.

Global Antimicrobial Resistance Gene Study of : Comparison of Detection Tools, ARG and Efflux Pump Gene Analysis, Worldwide Epidemiological Distribution, and Information Related to the Antimicrobial-Resistant Phenotype.

We conducted a global-scale study to identify antimicrobial-resistant genes (ARG), address their global distribution, and understand their effect on the antimicrobial resistance (AMR) phenotypes of the clinical isolates. We identified ARG using several well-known tools against extensive bacterial ARG databases, then analyzed their correlation with clinical antibiogram data from dozens of patients across countries. This revealed that combining multiple tools and databases, followed by manual selection of ARG from the annotation results, produces more conclusive results than using a single tool or database alone.

Advantages of Whole Genome Sequencing in Mitigating the Antimicrobial Resistance Problem.

antimicrobial resistance is a critical public health issue. Typically, antimicrobial resistance epidemiology reports include only the antimicrobial susceptibility test results for . However, this phenotypic approach is less capable of answering queries related to resistance mechanisms and specific mutations found in particular global regions.

Comparative genomics of two Vietnamese Helicobacter pylori strains, CHC155 from a non-cardia gastric cancer patient and VN1291 from a duodenal ulcer patient.

Helicobacter pylori is involved in the etiology and severity of several gastroduodenal diseases; however, plasticity of the H. pylori genome makes complete genome assembly difficult. We report here the full genomes of H.

Management of dyspepsia and Helicobacter pylori infection: the 2022 Indonesian Consensus Report.

Dyspepsia still becomes a major challenge in upper gastrointestinal disease in Indonesia. This disease often correlated with Helicobacter pylori infection. However, the prevalence of this bacterium is generally low in Indonesia.

Mutations Related to Antibiotics Resistance in Clinical Isolates from Bangladesh.

Current management of gastric inflammation involves the eradication of . However, the effectiveness of commonly used antibiotics against infection has decreased due to antibiotic resistance. Phenotypic-based diagnostics are laborious and finding the cause of resistance can be difficult.

Analysis of gastric microbiota and Helicobacter pylori infection in gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Background: We evaluated the microbiota in the stomach of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) patients. We compared Erosive Reflux Disease (ERD) to gastritis and Non-erosive Reflux Disease (NERD) subjects by 16S rRNA approach on gastric biopsy specimens. A total of 197 subjects were included consisting of gastritis (68; 34.

Diagnostic Value of C Urea Breath Test for Detection Compared by Histopathology in Indonesian Dyspeptic Patients.

Purpose: Histopathology method is often used as a gold standard diagnostic for infection in Indonesia. However, it requires an endoscopic procedure which is limited in Indonesia. A non-invasive method, such as C Urea Breath Test (UBT), is more favorable; however, this particular method has not been validated yet.

The Roles of IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 in the Infection and Gastrointestinal Inflammation: A Review.

Although millions of people have been infected by (), only a small proportion of infected individuals will develop adverse outcomes, ranging from chronic gastritis to gastric cancer. Advanced development of the disease has been well-linked with chronic inflammation, which is significantly impacted by the adaptive and humoral immunity response. From the perspective of cellular immunity, this review aims to clarify the intricate axis between IL-17, IL-21, and IL-23 in -related diseases and the pathogenesis of inflammatory gastrointestinal diseases.