Patient Outcomes in Resected Combined Hepatocellular Cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-ICC) and Intrahepatic Cholangiocarcinoma: A Single Center Study.

Background/objectives: Combined hepatocellular cholangiocarcinoma (cHCC-ICC) is a rare malignancy that involves a combination of features of hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC) and exhibits a more aggressive clinical course; however, its risk factors and outcomes remain largely undefined.

Methods: This study is a single-center retrospective study of 82 patients diagnosed with ICC or cHCC-ICC who underwent surgical resection from June 2011 to January 2023. Our analysis included 70 patients with resected ICC and 12 with resected cHCC-ICC.

Incidence and outcomes of cytomegalovirus reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy.

Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation is a major complication among seropositive allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients; however, data on CMV reactivation after chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) T-cell therapy are limited. We report the incidence and outcomes of 95 adult CMV-seropositive patients who received CAR T-cell therapy between February 2018 and February 2023. CMV outcomes were CMV reactivation (any viremia) and clinically significant CMV infection (cs-CMV).

Cecal Metastasis of Clear Cell Renal Cell Carcinoma After Previous Nephrectomy.

Metastasis of renal cell carcinoma (RCC) to the gastrointestinal (GI) tract is exceedingly rare. We present a case of a man in his 40s with a history of RCC that had metastasized to his abdominal wall and brain who then presented with abdominal pain and melena. On presentation, imaging showed new bone metastases and a colonic mass in the ascending colon.

Primary Invasive Ductal Carcinoma of the Breast Occurring in a Patient With a History of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Developing From Focal Nodular Hyperplasia: A Case Report and Literature Review.

The risk of developing another primary malignancy after an initial liver cancer diagnosis is rare, and the management of multiple primary cancers is not typically discussed. Focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) is considered a benign tumor, but there have been cases reported that describe hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) arising from or within FNH. Here, we report a woman in her 70s who had a longstanding history of FNH, later found to be HCC upon resection, who also developed invasive ductal carcinoma.

Prognosis and Treatment Outcomes of Bone Metastasis in Gallbladder Adenocarcinoma: A SEER-Based Study.

Background: Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is a rare, aggressive malignancy comprising 0.5% of gastrointestinal cancers. It has poor survival outcomes due to its insidious onset, lack of standardized screening, and limited therapies.

Screening of Commercial Organic Solvent Nanofiltration Membranes for Purification of Plastic Waste Pyrolysis Liquids.

Increasing consumption rates of plastics, combined with the waste generated from their production, leads to several environmental problems. Presently, plastic recycling takes account of only about 10% of the plastic waste, which is achieved mainly through mechanical recycling. Chemical recycling methods, such as pyrolysis, could significantly increase overall recycling rates and reduce the need for the production of fossil-based chemicals.

Effects of Clinical and Tumor Characteristics on Survival in Patients with Hepatocellular Carcinoma with Bone Metastasis.

Background: Advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) generally has a dismal prognosis. Bone metastases from HCC are infrequent, with a poorer prognosis. However, the survival influencing factors are not yet well understood.

Clinical Importance of Differentiating Epstein-Barr Virus (EBV)-Positive Plasmacytoma From Plasmablastic Lymphoma: Another Unique Case of EBV-Positive Plasmacytoma in an Immunocompetent Patient.

Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-positive plasmacytoma is a rare and unique plasma cell neoplasm that could arise in immunocompetent individuals. Given the molecular and immunohistochemical similarity of EBV-positive plasmacytomas to their significantly more aggressive counterpart, plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL), providers must distinguish between the two neoplasms. This case elucidates a presentation of EBV-positive plasmacytomas in a healthy, immunocompetent individual originating in the C4/C5 cervical neck region.

Successful restoration of protective immunity against measles, mumps, and rubella following MMR vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplant recipients.

Background: The optimal number of doses as well as the role for measurement of postvaccination titers after measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) vaccination in adult hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients remains unknown.

Methods: In the present study, we assessed humoral immunity against measles, mumps and rubella before and after MMR vaccination in 187 adults who received at least one dose of the MMR vaccine after HCT.

Results: Among those with baseline titers, posttransplant prevaccination seroprotection rates were 56%, 30%, and 54% for measles, mumps, and rubella, respectively; and significantly lower in allogeneic versus autologous HCT recipients for measles (39% vs.

Lack of correlation between the SARS-CoV-2 cycle threshold (C ) value and clinical outcomes in patients with COVID-19.

Problem: The utility of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) cycle threshold (C ) values in the management of patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remains controversial.

Methods: We assessed the correlation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) C values in nasopharyngeal swab samples with the oxygen requirements at the time of sample collection. Specimens were tested with the Simplexa PCR platform, which targets the SARS-CoV-2 ORF1ab and S genes.

Clinical presentation and outcomes of COVID-19 following hematopoietic cell transplantation and cellular therapy.

Background: One year into the pandemic, published data on hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) recipients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) remain limited.

Methods: Single-center retrospective cohort study of adult HCT recipients with polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-confirmed severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection.

Results: Twenty-eight consecutive transplantation and cellular therapy patients (autologous, n = 12; allogeneic, n = 15; chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy [CAR-T], n = 1) with COVID-19 were identified.

Reduced immunogenicity of the adjuvanted recombinant zoster vaccine after hematopoietic cell transplant: a pilot study.

Shingrix is poorly immunogenic following allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation independent of age, CD4, and B-cell recovery. In hematopoietic cell transplantation recipients with antibody response to the vaccine, varicella zoster virus reactivation risk is not null.

Acne vulgaris and risk of depression and anxiety: A meta-analytic review.

Background: Several studies have shown an association of acne vulgaris with depression and anxiety, but a quantitative review has not yet been conducted.

Objective: We sought to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis that elucidates the association of acne vulgaris with depression and anxiety.

Methods: A systematic review and meta-analysis of literature published before October 1, 2019 from the PubMed, PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Cochrane databases was conducted.

Association between C-reactive protein and radiotherapy-related pain in a tri-racial/ethnic population of breast cancer patients: a prospective cohort study.

Background: Post-surgery adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) significantly improves clinical outcomes in breast cancer patients; however, some patients develop cancer or treatment-related pain that negatively impacts quality of life. This study examined an inflammatory biomarker, C-reactive protein (CRP), in RT-related pain in breast cancer.

Methods: During 2008 and 2014, breast cancer patients who underwent RT were prospectively evaluated for pre- and post-RT pain.

Early Postnatal Lipopolysaccharide Exposure Leads to Enhanced Neurogenesis and Impaired Communicative Functions in Rats.

Perinatal infection is a well-identified risk factor for a number of neurodevelopmental disorders, including brain white matter injury (WMI) and Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). The underlying mechanisms by which early life inflammatory events cause aberrant neural, cytoarchitectural, and network organization, remain elusive. This study is aimed to investigate how systemic lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced neuroinflammation affects microglia phenotypes and early neural developmental events in rats.

Behavioral training reverses global cortical network dysfunction induced by perinatal antidepressant exposure.

Abnormal cortical circuitry and function as well as distortions in the modulatory neurological processes controlling cortical plasticity have been argued to underlie the origin of autism. Here, we chemically distorted those processes using an antidepressant drug-exposure model to generate developmental neurological distortions like those characteristics expressed in autism, and then intensively trained altered young rodents to evaluate the potential for neuroplasticity-driven renormalization. We found that young rats that were injected s.

Exposure to serotonin adversely affects oligodendrocyte development and myelination in vitro.

Serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) has been implicated to play critical roles in early neural development. Recent reports have suggested that perinatal exposure to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) resulted in cortical network miswiring, abnormal social behavior, callosal myelin malformation, as well as oligodendrocyte (OL) pathology in rats. To gain further insight into the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying SSRIs-induced OL and myelin abnormalities, we investigated the effect of 5-HT exposure on OL development, cell death, and myelination in cell culture models.

Differential roles of astrocyte and microglia in supporting oligodendrocyte development and myelination in vitro.

Oligodendrocyte (OL) development relies on many extracellular cues, most of which are secreted cytokines from neighboring neural cells. Although it is generally accepted that both astrocytes and microglia are beneficial for OL development, there is a lack of understanding regarding whether astrocytes and microglia play similar or distinct roles. The current study examined the effects of astrocytes and microglia on OL developmental phenotypes including cell survival, proliferation, differentiation, and myelination in vitro.

Lasting neurobehavioral abnormalities in rats after neonatal activation of serotonin 1A and 1B receptors: possible mechanisms for serotonin dysfunction in autistic spectrum disorders.

Rationale: Perinatal exposure of rats to selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) produces sensory and social abnormalities paralleling those seen in autistic spectrum disorders (ASDs). However, the possible mechanism(s) by which this exposure produces behavioral abnormalities is unclear.

Objective: We hypothesized that the lasting effects of neonatal SSRI exposure are a consequence of abnormal stimulation of 5-HT1A and/or 5-HT1B receptors during brain development.

Neonatal citalopram exposure decreases serotonergic fiber density in the olfactory bulb of male but not female adult rats.

Manipulation of serotonin (5HT) during early development has been shown to induce long-lasting morphological changes within the raphe nuclear complex and serotonergic circuitry throughout the brain. Recent studies have demonstrated altered raphe-derived 5HT transporter (SERT) immunoreactive axonal expression in several cortical target sites after brief perinatal exposure to selective 5HT reuptake inhibitors such as citalopram (CTM). Since the serotonergic raphe nuclear complex projects to the olfactory bulb (OB) and perinatal 5HT disruption has been shown to disrupt olfactory behaviors, the goal of this study was to further investigate such developmental effects in the OB of CTM exposed animals.

The zona incerta modulates spontaneous spike-wave discharges in the rat.

The contribution of the zona incerta (ZI) of the thalamus on spike-wave discharges (SWDs) was investigated. Chronic recordings of bilateral cortices, bilateral vibrissa muscle, and unilateral ZI were performed in Long-Evans rats to examine the functional role of SWDs. Rhythmic ZI activity appeared at the beginning of SWD and was accompanied by higher-oscillation frequencies and larger spike magnitudes.

Neonatal systemic exposure to lipopolysaccharide enhances susceptibility of nigrostriatal dopaminergic neurons to rotenone neurotoxicity in later life.

Brain inflammation via intracerebral injection with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in early life has been shown to increase risks for the development of neurodegenerative disorders in adult rats. To determine if neonatal systemic LPS exposure has the same effects on enhancement of adult dopaminergic neuron susceptibility to rotenone neurotoxicity as centrally injected LPS does, LPS (2 μg/g body weight) was administered intraperitoneally into postnatal day 5 (P5) rats and when grown to P70, rats were challenged with rotenone, a commonly used pesticide, through subcutaneous minipump infusion at a dose of 1.25 mg/kg/day for 14 days.

Altered cerebellar organization and function in monoamine oxidase A hypomorphic mice.

Monoamine oxidase A (MAO-A) is the key enzyme for the degradation of brain serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), norepinephrine (NE) and dopamine (DA). We recently generated and characterized a novel line of MAO-A hypormorphic mice (MAO-A(Neo)), featuring elevated monoamine levels, social deficits and perseverative behaviors as well as morphological changes in the basolateral amygdala and orbitofrontal cortex. Here we showed that MAO-A(Neo) mice displayed deficits in motor control, manifested as subtle disturbances in gait, motor coordination, and balance.

Monoamine oxidase A and A/B knockout mice display autistic-like features.

Converging lines of evidence show that a sizable subset of autism-spectrum disorders (ASDs) is characterized by increased blood levels of serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT), yet the mechanistic link between these two phenomena remains unclear. The enzymatic degradation of brain 5-HT is mainly mediated by monoamine oxidase (MAO)A and, in the absence of this enzyme, by its cognate isoenzyme MAOB. MAOA and A/B knockout (KO) mice display high 5-HT levels, particularly during early developmental stages.

Differential distribution patterns from medial prefrontal cortex and dorsal raphe to the locus coeruleus in rats.

Locus coeruleus (LC) consists of a densely packed nuclear core and a surrounding plexus of dendritic zone, which is further divided into several subregions. Whereas many limbic-related structures topographically target specific subregions of the LC, the precise projections from two limbic areas, that is, medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) and dorsal raphe (DR), have not been investigated. The goal of the present study is to identify and compare the distribution patterns of mPFC and DR afferent terminals to the LC nuclear core as opposed to specific pericoerulear dendritic regions (Peri-LC).