Similar PTSD symptom networks observed in male and female survivors of military sexual assault: implications for understanding trauma responses.

Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a heterogeneous disorder with no universal symptom presentation. Sex differences in rates of PTSD among military samples are established, such that females are more likely to be diagnosed with PTSD, with severity particularly heightened among females exposed to military sexual assault (MSA). However, limited research has examined the PTSD symptom network structure among MSA survivors and whether it differs by sex.

Effects of parental mental health and family environment on impulsivity in preadolescents: a longitudinal ABCD study.

Introduction: Impulsivity is a known risk factor for the development of substance use disorders and other psychiatric conditions that is influenced by both genetics and environment. Although research has linked parental mental health to children's impulsivity, potential mediators of this relationship remain understudied. The current investigation leverages the large national Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study to assess the mediating role of family conflict - an important social context for youth development - in the relationship between parental mental health and youth impulsivity.

Shift and Persist in Mexican American Youth: A Longitudinal Test of Depressive Symptoms.

This paper tested whether shift-&-persist coping, or coping involving the combination of cognitive reappraisal, acceptance, and optimism (Chen & Miller, Perspectives on Psychological Science, 2012, 7, 135), attenuates the risks presented by economic hardship and ethnic discrimination for change in depressive symptoms from 9th to 12th grade, in a sample of 674 Mexican American youth (Mage W1 = 10.86; 50% female; 72% US born) and whether this effect depends on ethnic pride. Structural equation modeling indicated that, when accounting for economic hardship, shift-&-persist was associated with fewer concurrent depression symptoms.

Greater loss of face and family honor values are associated with greater positive expectancies and substance abuse among Middle Eastern/Northern African U.S. college students.

Background: Traditional cultural orientation is protective against substance use for Asian Americans and Latinos. However, little empirical research has examined traditional cultural values and substance use among Middle Eastern and North African (MENA) individuals. MENA cultures tend to emphasize maintaining family honor and personal social integrity, which may influence substance use cognitions and behavior.

Drug and alcohol treatment utilization and barriers among Black, American Indian/Alaskan Native, Latine, Asian/Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian, and White adults: Findings from NESARC-III.

Background: Existing epidemiological data suggest differences across racial/ethnic groups in drug and alcohol treatment utilization and barriers to treatment and typically include only Black, Latine, and White adults. The objective of this study was to examine whether disparities remain for DSM-5 lifetime alcohol use disorder (AUD) and drug use disorder (DUD) treatment utilization and barriers across Black, American Indian/Alaska Native (AI/AN), Latine, Asian/Pacific Islander/Native Hawaiian (Asian/PI/NH), and White adults.

Methods: The current study conducted secondary analyses on data from the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC-III).

An Ecological Momentary Assessment Study Investigating the Function of Hoarding.

This study examined the function of hoarding behaviors and the relations between hoarding and a series of cognitive and affective processes in the moment using ecological momentary assessment. A matched-groups design was used to compare college students with higher hoarding symptoms (n = 31) and matched controls (n = 29). The two groups did not differ in what function they reported acquiring served, and positive automatic reinforcement was the most commonly reported function in both groups.

Dr. Liu et al. Reply.

While there is growing acceptance within the field that measurement-based care (MBC) is a valuable and effective care quality improvement strategy, broad and sustained implementation continues to be elusive for most organizations. This is partly attributable to the lack of proven implementation strategies for MBC. Although implementation science has made significant progress in recent years, more work is needed to identify the most effective and efficient strategies for MBC implementation across a range of service delivery contexts.

Mexican-Origin Youths' Trajectories of Internalizing Symptoms from Childhood into Adolescence and Associations with Acculturation Processes.

We examined depression and anxiety symptom trajectories in Mexican-origin youth ( = 674) and tested longitudinal associations with acculturation dimensions. We used eight waves of data from the California Families Project, collected annually from 5th ( = 10.86,  = 0.

Evaluation of the Brief Adjustment Scale-6 (BASE-6): A measure of general psychological adjustment for measurement-based care.

The current study evaluated the Brief Adjustment Scale-6 (BASE-6), a measure of general psychological adjustment. The psychometric properties of the BASE-6 are documented using 3 adult samples, including online participants (Sample 1: n = 459), college students (Sample 2: n = 244), and a clinical sample (Sample 3: n = 296). Acceptability ratings comparing the BASE-6 to the Outcome Questionnaire-45.

Mind the Gap: Considering Disparities in Implementing Measurement-Based Care.

Synergistic advancements in evidence-based practice, implementation science, health care policy, and health information technology (HIT) have led to increasing efforts to broadly implement measurement-based care (MBC)-the systematic use of repeated outcome measures to monitor treatment progress and support clinical decision making-in psychiatric services. Much of this work has been done with adult populations, and more efforts are needed for MBC to gain traction in child and adolescent psychiatry. In this Letter to the Editor, we describe a quality improvement (QI) project that leveraged HIT to implement MBC in the child and adolescent psychiatry department of a regional pediatric tertiary-care center and report long-term (5-year) implementation outcomes (ie, adoption and penetration).

Familism, sibling relationship qualities, and sibling sex constellation as predictors of alcohol use among Mexican-origin adolescents.

Sibling relationship qualities and traditional family values (i.e., familism) are contextual factors relevant for early substance use risk among Mexican-origin adolescents.

Comparing in-the-moment skill coaching effects from tailored versus non-tailored acceptance and commitment therapy mobile apps in a non-clinical sample.

Mobile apps are promising for teaching how to practice psychological skills in high-risk and in vivo momentary situations, but there has been minimal research on the immediate effects of app-based skill coaching on mental health in-the-moment. This study analyzed the mobile app data in a non-clinical sample of 39 adults participating in a larger randomized controlled trial, with participants randomized to an acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) mobile app that tailors skill coaching based on in-the-moment variables (n = 17) or an app that provides randomly selected skill coaching (n = 22). Data were collected before and after each ACT skill coaching session on proximal outcome (depression, anxiety, and engagement in meaningful activity) and ACT process variables.

Specific PTSD symptom clusters mediate the association of military sexual trauma severity and sexual function and satisfaction in female service members/veterans.

Background: Sexual satisfaction and function are vastly understudied in female service members/veterans (SM/Vs). Military sexual trauma (MST) is associated with poorer sexual satisfaction and function, but the mechanism through which MST relates to sexual satisfaction and function is unknown. Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is one of the most frequent diagnoses following MST, and those with poorer sexual satisfaction and function experience higher PTSD symptoms, particularly numbing and anhedonia symptom clusters.

Mexican-origin youth substance use trajectories: Associations with cultural and family factors.

The current study identified alcohol and cannabis use trajectories among a sample of Mexican-origin youth and examined cultural and familial correlates from childhood to adolescence. Mexican-origin youth (N = 674) from Northern California were assessed annually from ages 10 to 17 (8 waves). Latent class growth modeling examined variability in developmental trajectories for last 3-month alcohol and cannabis use frequency.

Evaluating an Adjunctive Mobile App to Enhance Psychological Flexibility in Acceptance and Commitment Therapy.

The primary aims of this study were to evaluate the feasibility and potential efficacy of a novel adjunctive mobile app designed to enhance the acquisition, strengthening, and generalization of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) skills being taught in therapy. A sample of 14 depressed/anxious clients receiving ACT used the ACT Daily app for 2 weeks in a pre-post, open trial design. Participants reported a high degree of program satisfaction.

Cultural Orientation Trajectories and Substance Use: Findings From a Longitudinal Study of Mexican-Origin Youth.

Cultural adaptation may influence Latino youth substance use (SU) development, yet few longitudinal studies have examined cultural change over time and adolescent SU outcomes. Using longitudinal data collected annually across ages 10-16 from 674 Mexican-origin youth (50% female), the authors characterized cultural adaptation patterns for language use (English and Spanish use), values (American values and familism values), and identity (ethnic pride), and examined whether these cultural adaptation patterns were associated with differential SU risk. Youth with increasing bilingualism and high/stable family values had lower SU risk compared to youth who primarily spoke English and endorsed decreasing family values, respectively.

Twelve-Month Outcomes of a Randomized Trial of the Positive Thoughts and Action Program for Depression Among Early Adolescents.

This study was conducted to examine the 12-month effects on depression and depressive symptoms of a group-based cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention for middle school students (Positive Thoughts and Actions, or PTA), relative to a brief, individually administered supportive intervention (Individual Support Program, or ISP). A randomized clinical trial was conducted with 120 early adolescents (73 girls and 47 boys; age 12-14 years) drawn from a school-based population who had elevated depressive symptoms. Youths completed measures of depressive symptoms at baseline, post-intervention, and 6 and 12 months into the follow-up phase.

Alcohol use severity and depressive symptoms among late adolescent Hispanics: Testing associations of acculturation and enculturation in a bicultural transaction model.

Research has indicated that Hispanics have high rates of heavy drinking and depressive symptoms during late adolescence. The purpose of this study was to test a bicultural transaction model composed of two enthnocultural orientations (acculturation and enculturation); and stressful cultural transactions with both the U.S.

Child- and family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy for pediatric bipolar disorder: a randomized clinical trial.

Objective: Previous studies have found that family-based psychosocial treatments are effective adjuncts to pharmacotherapy among adults and adolescents with bipolar disorder (BD). The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of adjunctive child- and family-focused cognitive-behavioral therapy (CFF-CBT) to psychotherapy as usual (control) for mood symptom severity and global functioning in children with BD.

Method: Sixty-nine youth, aged 7 to 13 years (mean = 9.

Cultural dynamics and marital relationship quality in Mexican-origin families.

Prior research suggests that acculturation may influence relationship outcomes among Mexican-origin married couples, including marital adjustment and distress. Despite much theory and research on parent-child cultural differences and disruptions in the parent-child relationship, no previous research has investigated possible associations between husband-wife cultural differences and marital relationship quality. With a sample of Mexican-origin married couples (N = 398), the current study investigated the relations between husband-wife differences in acculturation (American orientation) and enculturation (Mexican orientation) with husband and wife reports of positive marital qualities (warmth and relationship satisfaction).

A randomized trial of the Positive Thoughts and Action program for depression among early adolescents.

This study was conducted to compare the outcomes of a group-based cognitive-behavioral preventive intervention (Positive Thoughts and Actions [PTA]) tailored to youth in middle school with a brief, individually administered supportive intervention (Individual Support Program [ISP]). A randomized, controlled trial was conducted with 120 early adolescents (72 girls, 48 boys; age = 11-15 years) who had elevated depressive symptoms and were selected from a school-based population. Measures of internalizing problems, externalizing problems, personal adjustment, school problems, and interpersonal relations were obtained from parents, youth, and/or teachers at preintervention (Time 1) and postintervention (Time 2, 5-7 months after preintervention).