Mental Health Stigma Reduction Interventions Among Men: A Systematic Review.

Stigma surrounding mental health, particularly among men, remains a significant barrier to men engaging with support services for their mental health. Despite increasing evidence of interventions targeting different aspects of stigma reduction, there is a notable gap in the literature concerning male-specific mental health stigma reduction interventions and on the underlying behavior change techniques (BCTs) used to reduce stigma. The purpose of this review is to synthesize the evidence relating to the impact of mental health stigma reduction interventions among men and to explore the underlying BCTs associated with each intervention.

Pre-clinical development of a tolerogenic peptide from glutamate decarboxylase as a candidate for antigen-specific immunotherapy in type 1 diabetes.

Dysregulation and loss of immune tolerance towards pancreatic β-cell autoantigens are features of type 1 diabetes (T1D). Until recently, life-long insulin injection was the only approved treatment for T1D, and this does not address the underlying disease pathology. Antigen-specific immunotherapy (ASI) seeks to restore tolerance and holds potential as a new therapeutic strategy for treating autoimmune diseases with well characterised antigens.

PBPK-led assessment of antimalarial drugs as candidates for Covid-19: Simulating concentrations at the site of action to inform repurposing strategies.

The urgent need for safe, efficacious, and accessible drug treatments to treat coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prompted a global effort to evaluate drug repurposing opportunities. Pyronaridine and amodiaquine are both components of approved antimalarials with in vitro activity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In vitro activity does not always translate to clinical efficacy across a therapeutic dose range.

Exploring the protective experiences of those who "protect and serve": A psychometric evaluation of Protective and Compensatory Experiences Survey within a military sample.

Objective: The current study evaluates the psychometric properties of the Protective and Compensatory Experiences Survey (PACES; Morris et al., 2018) within a military population. The study's aims are to evaluate if the PACES is a reliable measure to use with military samples and to examine the validity of the PACES measure when exploring protective experiences in relation to adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) and adult traumatic stress (ATS) in an active duty military sample.

Defining the next generation of severe malaria treatment: a target product profile.

Background: Severe malaria is a life-threatening infection, particularly affecting children under the age of 5 years in Africa. Current treatment with parenteral artemisinin derivatives is highly efficacious. However, artemisinin partial resistance is widespread in Southeast Asia, resulting in delayed parasite clearance after therapy, and has emerged independently in South America, Oceania, and Africa.

Propensity score matched analysis of laparoscopic revisional and conversional sleeve gastrectomy with concurrent hiatal hernia repair.

Introduction: The primary aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes associated with concurrent hiatal hernia repair (CHHR) when performing a conversional or revisional vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG). CHHR is often necessary during VSG due to potential gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) development or obstructive symptoms.

Methods: The Metabolic and Bariatric Surgery Accreditation and Quality Improvement (MBSAQIP) participant use file was assessed for the years 2015-2020 for revisional/conversional VSG procedures.

High-dose chemotherapy and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation as salvage therapy in primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumors: The Indiana University experience.

Background: Patients with relapsed primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor have low cure rates with salvage chemotherapy or surgery. The authors report survival outcomes of patients who received high-dose chemotherapy (HDCT) and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (PBSCT) at Indiana University.

Methods: The prospectively maintained Indiana University germ cell tumor database identified 32 patients with primary mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor who progressed after first-line cisplatin-based combination chemotherapy and received HDCT and PBSCT between 2006 and 2021.

Adenocarcinoma Harboring Fusion Treated With Osimertinib: A Case Report.

mutations are among the most common driver mutations in lung adenocarcinoma. Rare alterations, such as the fusion, respond to treatment with EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors but can be missed by limited genomic sequencing panels. Here, we report a case of metastatic lung adenocarcinoma in a never-smoker patient who initially did not have a targetable alteration identified on two different sequencing panels.

Safety and efficacy of pyronaridine-artesunate paediatric granules in the treatment of uncomplicated malaria in children: insights from randomized clinical trials and a real-world study.

Background: Children are particularly at risk of malaria. This analysis consolidates the clinical data for pyronaridine-artesunate (PA) paediatric granules in children from three randomized clinical trials and a real-world study (CANTAM).

Methods: An integrated safety analysis of individual patient data from three randomized clinical trials included patients with microscopically-confirmed Plasmodium falciparum, body weight ≥ 5 kg to < 20 kg, who received at least one dose of study drug (paediatric safety population).

Expression of E-cadherin by CD8 T cells promotes their invasion into biliary epithelial cells.

The presence of CD8 T cells in the cytoplasm of biliary epithelial cells (BEC) has been correlated with biliary damage associated with primary biliary cholangitis (PBC). Here, we characterise the mechanism of CD8 T cell invasion into BEC. CD8 T cells observed within BEC were large, eccentric, and expressed E-cadherin, CD103 and CD69.

Differential susceptibility of male and female germ cells to glucocorticoid-mediated signaling.

While physiologic stress has long been known to impair mammalian reproductive capacity through hormonal dysregulation, mounting evidence now suggests that stress experienced prior to or during gestation may also negatively impact the health of future offspring. Rodent models of gestational physiologic stress can induce neurologic and behavioral changes that persist for up to three generations, suggesting that stress signals can induce lasting epigenetic changes in the germline. Treatment with glucocorticoid stress hormones is sufficient to recapitulate the transgenerational changes seen in physiologic stress models.

Highlights of FDA Oncology Approvals in 2023: Bispecific T-cell Engagers, Pediatric Indications, and Inclusive Drug Development.

Cancer drug development remained robust in 2023. Highlights of U.S.

Scabies outbreak management in refugee/migrant camps in Europe 2014-2017: a retrospective qualitative interview study of healthcare staff experiences and perspectives.

Objectives: Provide insights into the experiences and perspectives of healthcare staff who treated scabies or managed outbreaks in formal and informal refugee/migrant camps in Europe 2014-2017.

Design: Retrospective qualitative study using semistructured telephone interviews and framework analysis. Recruitment was done primarily through online networks of healthcare staff involved in medical care in refugee/migrant settings.

Community-based management of a five-arm randomised clinical trial in COVID-19 outpatients in South Africa: challenges and opportunities.

Background: Repeated COVID-19 waves and corresponding mitigation measures have impacted health systems globally with exceptional challenges. In response to the pandemic, researchers, regulators, and funders rapidly pivoted to COVID-19 research activities. However, many clinical drug studies were not completed, due to often complex and rapidly evolving research conditions.

Pilot of asymptomatic swabbing of humans following exposures to confirmed avian influenza A(H5) in avian species in England, 2021/2022.

A programme of asymptomatic swabbing was piloted in 2021/2022 in England to further understand the risk of human infection with avian influenza in exposed individuals and to evaluate this surveillance approach as a public health measure. There were challenges in deploying this pilot that will need to be addressed for future seasons. However, there was one detection of avian influenza A(H5N1) in a human despite low uptake in eligible exposed persons.

Men's mental health and the arts: perceived benefits and dynamics of engagement.

Arts engagement is gaining recognition as a non-clinical approach to promote mental health and well-being. However, the perceived utility of the arts to promote mental health among men with low socioeconomic status (SES) and how to best engage them is underexplored. This study explores the lived experiences of men with low SES who engage with the arts in Northern Ireland (n = 41).

Hospital healthcare experiences of children and young people with life-threatening or life-shortening conditions, and their parents: scoping reviews and resultant conceptual frameworks.

Background: Patient experience is a core component of healthcare quality. Patient-reported experience measures (PREMs) are increasingly used to assess this, but there are few paediatric PREMs. This paper reports the first stage of developing two such measures, one for children and young people (0-18 years) (CYP) with a life-threatening or life-shortening condition (LT/LSC), and one for their parents.