Kinetics of fluoride release from glass components of glass ionomers.

Objectives: To compare the F release from glass ionomer glasses (GICs) into water changed periodically with release into an unchanged "sink" [Williams JA, Billington RW, Pearson GJ. The glass ionomer cement: the sources of soluble fluoride. Biomaterials 2002;23:2191-200].

Modification of conventional glass-ionomer cements with N-vinylpyrrolidone containing polyacids, nano-hydroxy and fluoroapatite to improve mechanical properties.

Objective: The objective of this study was to enhance the mechanical strength of glass-ionomer cements, while preserving their unique clinical properties.

Methods: Copolymers incorporating several different segments including N-vinylpyrrolidone (NVP) in different molar ratios were synthesized. The synthesized polymers were copolymers of acrylic acid and NVP with side chains containing itaconic acid.

Synthesis of N-vinylpyrrolidone modified acrylic acid copolymer in supercritical fluids and its application in dental glass-ionomer cements.

Compressed fluids such as supercritical CO(2) offer marvellous opportunities for the synthesis of polymers, particularly in applications in medicine and dentistry. It has several advantages in comparison to conventional polymerisation solvents, such as enhanced kinetics and simplified solvent removal process. In this study, poly(acrylic acid-co-itaconic acid-co-N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PAA-IA-NVP), a modified glass-ionomer polymer, was synthesised in supercritical CO(2) (sc-CO(2)) and methanol as a co-solvent.

Interoperator variability during polishing.

Objective: The object of this study was to establish the 3 variables used in polishing by measuring the range of loads, speeds, and times used by practitioners when finishing and polishing samples of amalgam, resin composite, and glass-ionomer cement. These parameters could then be used to establish clinically relevant values that might optimize clinical finishing techniques.

Methods And Materials: Samples of the 3 materials were attached to the load cell of a universal testing machine that was attached to an X-Y plotter.

The effect of the disc support system on biaxial tensile strength of a glass ionomer cement.

Objective: This was to examine how varying the type of support, from a complete ring to a series of point supports, affected the biaxial tensile strength of one glass ionomer cement.

Method: Three support diameters from 11.5 to 28.