Halide-free CO cycloaddition onto styrene oxide catalysed by first row transition-metal derivatives of polyoxotungstates.

Quaternary ammonium salts of metal derivatives of polyoxometalates [XWOM(HO)] (X = P, Si; M = Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Zn) were successfully tested instead of quaternary ammonium halides as catalysts in the cycloaddition of CO to styrene oxide. Remarkably, they gave very satisfactory yields of styrene carbonate at moderate temperature (80 °C).

Chromium-Salophen as a Soluble or Silica-Supported Co-Catalyst for the Fixation of CO Onto Styrene Oxide at Low Temperatures.

Addition of a soluble or a supported Cr-salophen complex as a co-catalyst greatly enhances the catalytic activity of BuNBr for the formation of styrene carbonate from styrene epoxide and CO. Their combination with a very low co-catalyst:BuNBr:styrene oxide molar ratio = 1:2:112 (corresponding to 0.9 mol% of Cr co-catalyst) led to an almost complete conversion of styrene oxide after 7 h at 80°C under an initial pressure of CO of 11 bar and to a selectivity in styrene carbonate of 100%.

Heteropolytungstate-decorated core-shell magnetic nanoparticles: A covalent strategy for polyoxometalate-based hybrid nanomaterials.

Amino-functionalized core-shell magnetic nanoparticles have been covalently grafted with Polyoxometalates (POMs). These multifunctional nanocomposites have been obtained through the coupling of heteropolytungstate-based hybrids bearing carboxylic acid functions with aminopropyl functions that decorate the core-shell nanoparticles. The physical properties of the resulting materials have been studied by a large set of techniques.

Single ion magnets based on lanthanoid polyoxomolybdate complexes.

Polyoxometalate (POM) chemistry has recently offered excellent examples of single ion magnets (SIMs) and molecular spin qubits. Compared with conventional coordination compounds, POMs provide rigid and highly symmetric coordination sites. However, all POM-based SIMs reported to date exhibit a very limited range of possibilities for chemical processability.

Efficiency of Polyoxometalate-Based Mesoporous Hybrids as Covalently Anchored Catalysts.

Polyoxometalate (POM) hybrids have been covalently immobilized through the formation of amide bonds on several types of mesoporous silica. This work allows the comparison of three POM-based mesoporous systems, obtained with three different silica supports in which either the organic functions of the support (amine vs carboxylic acid) and/or the structure of the support itself (SBA-15 vs mesocellular foams (MCF)) were varied. The resulting POM-based mesoporous systems have been studied in particular by high resolution transmission electronic microscopy (HR-TEM) in order to characterize the nanostructuration of the POMs inside the pores/cells of the different materials.

Covalent grafting of organic-inorganic polyoxometalates hybrids onto mesoporous SBA-15: a key step for new anchored homogeneous catalysts.

Covalent grafting of heteropolyanions hybrids B,α-[As(III)W9O33{P(O)(CH2CH2CO2H)}2](5-) on 3-aminopropyl functionalized SBA-15 has been achieved through the formation of peptide bonds. The covalent link has been confirmed by using IR and (13)C CP MAS NMR spectroscopies. Electrostatic interactions between carboxylate and protonated amines have been discarded on the basis of the retention of POMs after repeated washings of the resulting material by ionic liquid (bmimCl).

Functionalization and post-functionalization: a step towards polyoxometalate-based materials.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) have remarkable properties and a great deal of potential to meet contemporary societal demands regarding health, environment, energy and information technologies. However, implementation of POMs in various functional architectures, devices or materials requires a processing step. Most developments have considered the exchange of POM counterions in an electrostatically driven approach: immobilization of POMs on electrodes and other surfaces including oxides, embedding in polymers, incorporation into Layer-by-Layer assemblies or Langmuir-Blodgett films and hierarchical self-assembly of surfactant-encapsulated POMs have thus been thoroughly investigated.

Insights into the coordination chemistry of phosphonate derivatives of heteropolyoxotungstates.

The coordination properties of vacant bisphosphonate derivatives of polyoxometalates, with easily tunable functions, have been explored. The preparation and crystallographic structure of their La(3+) and Zr(4+) complexes are described herein.

Vicinal dinitridoruthenium-substituted polyoxometalates gamma-[XW10O38{RuN}2]6- (X = Si or Ge).

Reaction of the divacant polyoxometalate K(8)[gamma-XW(10)O(36)] (X = Si, Ge) with two equivalents of the metal-nitrido precursor Cs(2)[Ru(VI)NCl(5)], at room temperature in water, produces K(2)(Me(2)NH(2))(2)H(2)[gamma-XW(10)O(38){RuN}(2)], X = Si (DMA-1 a) or Ge (DMA-1 b). The X-ray crystal structures of both complexes show monomeric complexes with highly unusual vicinal terminal metal-nitrido units. The Ru[triple bond]N bond lengths are 1.

Nitrogen-atom transfer from [PW11O39Ru(VI)N]4- to PPh3.

The nitrido derivative (n-Bu(4)N)(4)[PW(11)O(39)Ru(VI)N] transfers its nitrogen atom to triphenylphosphine to give quantitatively the bis(triphenylphosphane)iminium cation [Ph(3)PNPPh(3)](+). An intermediate can be prepared by the reaction of a single molecule of triphenylphosphine with the polyoxometalate, the iminophosphorane derivative (n-Bu(4)N)(3)[PW(11)O(39)Ru(V){NPPh(3)}]. The reactivity of the latter species has been investigated to complete the general scheme of the nitrogen-transfer reaction.

Polyoxomolybdate-stabilized Ru(0) nanoparticles deposited on mesoporous silica as catalysts for aromatic hydrogenation.

We use polyoxometalates as precursors for the preparation of heterogeneous catalysts. In the starting molecular precursor [{Ru(C6Me6)}(2)Mo5O18{Ru(C6Me6)(H2O)}], three ruthenium arene fragments are supported on a formally lacunary Lindqvist-type polyoxomolybdate. This species was introduced by incipient wetness impregnation into the porosity of a SBA-15-type mesoporous silica.

Synthesis and characterization of the Keggin-type ruthenium-nitrido derivative [PW11O39{RuN}]4- and evidence of its electrophilic reactivity.

The ruthenium-nitrido POM derivative [PW11O39{RuVIN}]4- has been synthesized by reaction between [PW11O39]7- and [RuVINCl5]2- or [RuVINCl4]-. Its molecular structure has been confirmed from multinuclear 31P and 183W NMR spectroscopy together with an EXAFS study, while the oxidation state of the ruthenium bearing the nitrido ligand has been inferred both from 183W NMR and XANES analysis at the Ru-K edge. The potential of [PW11O39{RuVIN}]4- in N-atom transfer reactions has been demonstrated through reaction with triphenylphosphine, which ultimately leads to the release of the bis(triphenylphosphane)iminium cation [PPh3=N=PPh3]+ through several intermediates, among which the phosphoraniminato derivative [PW11O39{RuVNPh3}]3- has been structurally characterized.

Experimental and theoretical study of the regiospecific coordination of RuII and OsII fragments on the lacunary polyoxometalate [alpha-PW11O39]7-.

New Ru(II) and Os(II) derivatives of the monovacant [alpha-PW(11)O(39)](7-) anion ([PW(11)O(39){M(DMSO)(3)(H(2)O)}](5-) (M = Ru (1), Os (2)) and [PW(11)O(39){Os(eta(6)-p-cym)(H(2)O)}](5-) (3)) have been synthesized and characterized. The binding mode of the d(6)-{M(II)L(3)(H(2)O)}(2+) moieties in these compounds is similar to that in the previously described [PW(11)O(39){Ru(eta(6)-p-cym)(H(2)O)}](5-) (4) complex: bidentate, on two nonequivalent oxygen atoms of the lacuna, leading to a loss of the C(s) symmetry of the parent anion, which thus plays the role of a prochiral bidentate ligand. The density functional theory (DFT) (B3PW91) computation of the lowest unoccupied molecular orbitals of the {ML(3)(H(2)O)}(2+) (M = Os, Ru; L(3) = fac-(DMSO)(3), eta(6)-C(6)H(6)) fragments reveals the similarities between their electrophilic properties.

Zirconium-substituted isopolytungstates: structural models for zirconia-supported tungsten catalysts.

The synthesis and characterization of a series of mixed W-Zr polynuclear Lindqvist-type complexes, deriving from hexatungstate [W6O19]2-, are described in this work. This family of compounds is built from {W5O18Zr}2- moieties as shown by the X-ray structures of the monomeric [W5O18Zr(H2O)(3-n)(DMSO)n]2- (n = 1 and 2) and dimeric [{W5O18Zr(mu-OH)}2]6- anions. A comprehensive spectroscopic study (183W NMR, FTIR, Raman, EXAFS, and EPR) of these compounds is presented.

A new organometallic heteropolytungstate related to [Sb2W22O74(OH)2](12-): synthesis and structural characterisation of the bis-{Ru(p-cymene)}(2+)-containing anion [Sb2W20O70{Ru(p-cymene)}2](10-).

The easy synthesis of [Sb2W20O70{Ru(p-cymene)}2](10-) by the reaction between the organometallic precursor [Ru(p-cymene)Cl2]2 and [Sb2W20O70]14-, formed in situ, confirms the importance of the organometallic route to well defined ruthenium(+II)-substituted heteropolytungstates.

Framework fluxionality of organometallic oxides: synthesis, crystal structure, EXAFS, and DFT studies on [[Ru(eta6-arene)]4Mo4O16] complexes.

Reactions of the molybdates Na(2)MoO4.2 H2O and (nBu(4)N)2[Mo2O7] with [[Ru(arene)Cl(2)](2)] (arene=C(6)H5CH3, 1,3,5-C6H3(CH3)(3), 1,2,4,5-C6H2(CH3)4) in water or organic solvents led to formation of the triple-cubane organometallic oxides [[Ru(eta(6)-arene)](4)Mo4O16], whose crystal and molecular structures were determined. Refluxing triple cubane [[Ru(eta(6)-C6H5CH3)](4)Mo4O16] in methanol caused partial isomerization to the windmill form.

Coordination chemistry of the soluble metal oxide analogue [Mo5O13(OCH3)4(NO)]3- with manganese carbonyl species.

The reactions of neutral or cationic manganese carbonyl species towards the oxo-nitrosyl complex [Na(MeOH)[Mo(5)O(13)(OCH(3))(4)(NO)]](2-) have been investigated in various conditions. This system provides an unique opportunity for probing the basic reactions involved in the preparation of solid oxide-supported heterogeneous catalysts, that is, mobility of transition-metal species at the surface and dissolution-precipitation of the support. Under nitrogen and in the dark, the reaction of in situ generated fac-[Mn(CO)(3)](+) species with (nBu(4)N)(2)[Na(MeOH)-[Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)]] in MeOH yields (nBu(4)N)(2)[Mn(CO)(3)(H(2)O)[Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)]] at room temperature, while (nBu(4)N)(3)[Na[Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)](2)[Mn(CO)(3)](2)] is obtained under reflux.

Synthesis, Structure, and Magnetic Properties of (n-Bu(4)N)(2)[{Ni(MeOH)(2)}(2){Mo(NO)}(2)(&mgr;(3)-OH)(2)(&mgr;-OMe)(4){Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)}(2)], a New Type of Polyoxometalate Incorporating a Rhomb-like Cluster.

The oxo-nitrosyl compound (n-Bu(4)N)(2)[{Na(MeOH)}Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)].3MeOH reacts with various nickel(II) salts in methanol to give (n-Bu(4)N)(2)[{Ni(MeOH)(2)}(2){Mo(NO)}(2)(&mgr;(3)-OH)(2)(&mgr;-OMe)(4){Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)}(2)], which has been characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis and magnetic susceptibility measurements. This reaction shows the dual behavior of the defect Lindqvist-type species [Mo(5)O(13)(OMe)(4)(NO)](3)(-), which can act both as a ligand and as a source of the {Mo(NO)}(3+) unit.