Biliary Disorders, Anomalies, and Malignancies in Children.

Biliary abnormalities in children are uncommon, and the spectrum of biliary disorders is broader than in adult patients. Unlike in adults, biliary disorders in children are rarely neoplastic and are more commonly rhabdomyosarcoma rather than cholangiocarcinoma. Pediatric biliary disorders may be embryologic or congenital, such as anatomic gallbladder anomalies, anomalous pancreaticobiliary tracts, various cholestatic processes, congenital cystic lesions, or genetic conditions.

Evaluation of low-contrast detectability for iterative reconstruction in pediatric abdominal computed tomography: a phantom study.

Background: Iterative reconstruction is offered by all vendors to achieve similar or better CT image quality at lower doses than images reconstructed with filtered back-projection.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the dose-reduction potential for pediatric abdominal CT imaging when using either a commercially available hybrid or a commercially available model-based iterative reconstruction algorithm from a single manufacturer.

Materials And Methods: A phantom containing four low-contrast inserts and a uniform background with total attenuation equivalent to the abdomen of an average 8-year-old child was imaged on a CT scanner (IQon; Philips Healthcare, Cleveland, OH).

Comparing Fourth Generation Statistical Iterative Reconstruction Technique to Standard Filtered Back Projection in Pediatric Head Computed Tomography Examinations.

Objective: Although advanced statistical iterative reconstruction (IR) techniques are valued in pediatric computed tomography (CT) imaging, there is little published data on how these techniques affect image quality and radiation dose in the pediatric population. This is particularly true in the context of pediatric head CT examinations. This study analyzed the differences in image quality and several standard metrics of radiation dose on multidetector pediatric head CT examinations performed using standard filtered back projection (FBP) with reconstructions using iDose, a fourth-generation statistical iterative reconstruction technique.

Malignant Peritoneal Mesothelioma in an Adolescent Male With BAP1 Deletion.

Diffuse malignant peritoneal mesotheliomas in children are uncommon, aggressive tumors with a grave prognosis. We herein report the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic findings of a 16-year-old male. The adolescent presented with a history of abdominal pain, nausea and daily, nonbilious, nonbloody emesis for 3 weeks.