Pharmacotherapy exposure as a marker of disease complexity in bipolar disorder: Associations with clinical & genetic risk factors.

Individuals with bipolar disorder (BD) require chronic pharmacotherapy, typically including medication switches or polypharmacy due to persisting symptoms or intolerable side effects. Here, we quantified pharmacotherapy exposure (PE) of Mayo Clinic BD Biobank participants using the number of cross-sectional (at enrollment) and lifetime BD-specific medications and medication classes, to understand the relationship between PE and markers of disease severity or treatment failure, psychiatric comorbidities, and polygenic risk scores (PRS) for six major psychiatric disorders. Being female (p < 0.

Antidepressants that increase mitochondrial energetics may elevate risk of treatment-emergent mania.

Preclinical evidence suggests that antidepressants (ADs) may differentially influence mitochondrial energetics. This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between mitochondrial function and illness vulnerability in bipolar disorder (BD), specifically risk of treatment-emergent mania (TEM). Participants with BD already clinically phenotyped as TEM+ (n = 176) or TEM- (n = 516) were further classified whether the TEM associated AD, based on preclinical studies, increased (Mito+, n = 600) or decreased (Mito-, n = 289) mitochondrial electron transport chain (ETC) activity.

Quantification of diet quality utilizing the rapid eating assessment for participants-shortened version in bipolar disorder: Implications for prospective depression and cardiometabolic studies.

Objectives: Recognizing bipolar disorder as a multi-system metabolic condition driven, in part, by binge eating behavior and atypical depressive symptoms, this study aimed to quantify diet quality and evaluate clinical correlates in a bipolar disorder cohort.

Methods: Participants from the Mayo Clinic Bipolar Disorder Biobank (n = 734) completed the Rapid Eating Assessment for Participants - Shortened version (REAP-S) to determine diet quality. The average REAP-S score for a U.

Interferon Chemokine Score and Other Cytokine Measures Track With Changes in Disease Activity in Patients With Juvenile and Adult Dermatomyositis.

Objective: Our aim was to identify cytokines and chemokines in patients with adult dermatomyositis (DM) and juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) that predict changes in disease activity.

Methods: Multiplexed immunoassays (Meso Scale Discovery) enabled simultaneous measurement of interferon (IFN)-regulated chemokines and other pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines specific to differentiation of specific T-cell and innate pathways. Cytokine scores were computed for IFNCK (IP-10, MCP-1), Th1 (IFNɣ, TNFα, and IL2), Th2 (IL4, IL10, IL12, and IL 13), Th17 (IL6, IL17, IL1β), macrophage (MIP-1α, MIP-1β, IL8), and regulatory (IL10, TNFα) factors.

Improving Quality of Life in Patients at Risk for Post-Intensive Care Syndrome.

Objective: To improve quality of life (QOL) in patients at risk for post-intensive care syndrome (PICS).

Patients And Methods: We conducted a mixed-method, prospective, observational, pre-post interventional study in an adult medical and mixed medical/surgical/transplant intensive care unit (ICU) at a tertiary academic hospital. Preintervention included patients admitted from October 1 through October 31, 2016, and postintervention included patients admitted from January 15 through February 14, 2017.

Association of Asthma with Rheumatoid Arthritis: A Population-Based Case-Control Study.

Background: T1 and T2 cells have counterregulatory relationships. However, the relationship between asthma, a T2-predominant condition, and risk of systemic inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a T1 condition, is poorly understood.

Objective: We aimed to determine whether asthma was associated with increased risks of incident RA among adults.

Nonrelaxing Pelvic Floor Dysfunction Is an Underestimated Complication of Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis.

Background & Aims: Nonrelaxing pelvic floor dysfunction (N-RPFD), or dyssynergic defecation, is the paradoxical contraction and/or impaired relaxation of pelvic floor and anal muscles during defecation. Few studies have evaluated this disorder in patients with an ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA). We investigated the frequency of N-RPFD in patients with and without chronic pouchitis following IPAA and the effectiveness of biofeedback therapy within this population.

Gene Expression Profiling in Blood and Affected Muscle Tissues Reveals Differential Activation Pathways in Patients with New-onset Juvenile and Adult Dermatomyositis.

Objective: To identify shared and differential molecular pathways in blood and affected muscle between adult dermatomyositis (DM) and juvenile DM, and their association with clinical disease activity measures.

Methods: Gene expression of transcription factors and cytokines involved in differentiation and effector function of T cell subsets, regulatory T cells and follicular Th cells, were analyzed in the blood from 21 newly diagnosed adult and 26 juvenile DM subjects and in 15 muscle specimens (7 adult and 8 juvenile DM) using a custom RT2 Profiler PCR Array. Disease activity was determined and measured by established disease activity tools.

Quantifying the impact of chronic conditions on a diagnosis of major depressive disorder in adults: a cohort study using linked electronic medical records.

Background: Major depressive disorder (MDD) is often comorbid with other chronic mental and physical health conditions. Although the literature widely acknowledges the association of many chronic conditions with the risk of MDD, the relative importance of these conditions on MDD risk in the presence of other conditions is not well investigated. In this study, we aimed to quantify the relative contribution of selected chronic conditions to identify the conditions most influential to MDD risk in adults and identify differences by age.

Pouchitis Is a Common Complication in Patients With Familial Adenomatous Polyposis Following Ileal Pouch-Anal Anastomosis.

Background & Aims: Restorative proctocolectomy with ileal pouch-anal anastomosis (IPAA) is the surgical procedure most commonly selected for patients with familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) or ulcerative colitis that is refractive to medical treatment. Pouchitis is the most common complication in patients with ulcerative colitis after IPAA, but is thought to rarely occur in patients with FAP. We investigated the frequency of pouchitis and other pouch-related complications in patients with FAP after IPAA.

Ethnicity, Socioeconomic Status, and Health Disparities in a Mixed Rural-Urban US Community-Olmsted County, Minnesota.

Objective: To characterize health disparities in common chronic diseases among adults by socioeconomic status (SES) and ethnicity in a mixed rural-urban community of the United States.

Patients And Methods: We conducted a cross-sectional study to assess the association of the prevalence of the 5 most burdensome chronic diseases in adults with SES and ethnicity and their interaction. The Rochester Epidemiology Project medical records linkage system was used to identify the prevalence of coronary heart disease, asthma, diabetes, hypertension, and mood disorder using International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision codes recorded from January 1, 2005, through December 31, 2009, among all adult residents of Olmsted County, Minnesota, on April 1, 2009.