In vitro dermal absorption of di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA) in a roll-on deodorant using human skin.

In vitro dermal absorption experiments were conducted using a roll-on deodorant that contains 1.56% di(2-ethylhexyl) adipate (DEHA), a plasticizer widely used in consumer products. Human skin specimens were fitted in Bronaugh flow-through Teflon diffusion cells.

A novel "by difference" method for assessing dermal absorption of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons from soil at federal contaminated sites.

A highly precautionary cost-effective method for estimating dermal absorption using data from 24-h skin soap washes from in vitro dermal absorption tests in Bronaugh flow-through diffusion cells with human skin is reported. Skin was dosed with 16 U.S.

Phthalates in cosmetic and personal care products: concentrations and possible dermal exposure.

Phthalates are multifunctional chemicals that are used in a variety of consumer products including cosmetic and personal care products. This study aims at determining phthalate levels in cosmetic and personal care products obtained from the Canadian market. Overall 252 products including 98 baby care products were collected at retail stores in several provinces across Canada in year 2007.

Contaminated soils (III): in vitro dermal absorption of ethylene glycol and nonylphenol in human skin.

Dermal absorption of contaminants from soils at federal contaminated sites in Canada was investigated using one hydrophile, (14)C-ethylene glycol (EG), and one lipophile, (14)C-nonylphenol (NP). In vitro dermal absorption of EG and NP was examined in dermatomed (0.4-0.

Low molecular weight cyclic volatile methylsiloxanes in cosmetic products sold in Canada: implication for dermal exposure.

Low molecular weight cyclic volatile methylsiloxane (cVMS) compounds have been used in a variety of cosmetics and personal care products and many other consumer products. The study provides information on the levels of cVMSs in cosmetics and personal care products sold in Canada with an attempt to estimate the consumer dermal exposure to cVMSs from these products. The levels of four cVMS compounds, hexamethylcyclotrisiloxane (D3), octamethylcyclotetrasiloxane (D4), decamethylcyclopentasiloxane (D5), and dodecamethylcyclohexasiloxane (D6) were determined in 252 cosmetics and personal care products collected from retail stores in several provinces in Canada.

Contaminated soils (II): in vitro dermal absorption of nickel (Ni-63) and mercury (Hg-203) in human skin.

Dermal absorption of heavy metal soil contaminants was tested in vitro with chloride salts of radioactive nickel (Ni-63) and mercury (Hg-203). Aqueous soil suspensions, spiked with either Ni-63 or Hg-203, were applied to fresh viable human breast skin tissue in Bronaugh diffusion cells perfused with Hanks HEPES buffered (pH 7.4) receptor containing 4% bovine serum albumin (BSA).

Effect of cold storage on in vitro human skin absorption of six 14C-radiolabeled environmental contaminants: benzo[a]pyrene, ethylene glycol, methyl parathion, naphthalene, nonyl phenol, and toluene.

Dermal absorption of human breast skin obtained fresh from a local hospital was tested before and after freezer storage at -19 degrees C for 30 or 60 d. Dermatomed skin (0.4-0.

Contaminated soils (I): In vitro dermal absorption of benzo[a]pyrene in human skin.

Dermal absorption of the lipophile and potential carcinogen benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) in soils from contaminated sites was simulated in vitro using human skin exposed to 14C-BaP-spiked soil. This study is the first in a series of tests at Health Canada with several soil contaminants spanning a wide range of lipophilicity conducted with viable human skin. Breast skin was obtained fresh from a local hospital and dermatomed to a thickness of 0.

In vitro dermal absorption of methyl salicylate, ethyl parathion, and malathion: first responder safety.

In vitro tests with fresh dermatomed (0.3 to 0.4 mm thick) female breast skin and one leg skin specimen were conducted in Bronaugh flow-through Teflon diffusion cells with three chemicals used to simulate chemical warfare agents: 14C-radiolabeled methyl salicylate (MES), ethyl parathion (PT), and malathion (MT), at three dose levels (2, 20, and 200 mM).

Skin decontamination: Importance of the wash-in effect.

That skin washing/decontamination may increase percutaneous absorption is commonly referred to as the 'wash-in' (W-I) effect. This article traces the development of the W-I effect both in vivo and more recently in vitro. The mechanism(s) responsible for this effect are examined particularly in relation to the laboratory method used in vitro.

Automated in vitro dermal absorption (AIDA): development of a cost-effective diffusion cell.

A new diffusion cell design is reported for conducting in vitro dermal absorption tests. This disposable cell was inexpensive to construct and reduces the risk of inter-test cross-contamination. A disadvantage was that the polymer material used adsorbed the lipophilic test compound, 14C-nonyl phenol.

Determination of dermal absorption QSAR/QSPRs by brute force regression: multiparameter model development with Molsuite 2000.

Accurate dermal quantitative structure-activity/property relationship (QSAR/QSPR) models are needed to predict percutaneous absorption of environmental contaminants. The Molsuite 2000 chemistry modeling software (ChemSW, Fairfield, CA) was used to model the Flynn component of the Kirchner in vitro human skin permeability coefficient (K(p)) data. This Kirchner- derived Flynn (K/F) database was updated to include recent literature data quality recommendations.