Publications by authors named "Richard Ogden"

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mandatory antimicrobial indications and durations (MAID) and a pharmacist-driven 48-hour time-out in a pediatric hospital.

Methods: MAID and a 48-hour time-out were implemented on February 14, 2017. Antibiotic days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days were compared between the pre- and postperiod for select antibiotics using unadjusted Poisson models.

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Nephrotoxic medication (NTMx) exposure is a common cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in hospitalized children. The Nephrotoxic Injury Negated by Just-in time Action (NINJA) program decreased NTMx associated AKI (NTMx-AKI) by 62% at one center. To further test the program, we incorporated NINJA across nine centers with the goal of reducing NTMx exposure and, consequently, AKI rates across these centers.

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Purpose: Medications are commonly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). However, in both clinical practice and research, consideration of specific medications as nephrotoxic varies widely. The Nephrotoxic Injury Negated by Just-in-time Action quality improvement collaborative was formed to focus on prevention or reduction of nephrotoxic medication-associated AKI in noncritically ill hospitalized children.

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To evaluate the antibiotic selection of preoperative orders before and after a pharmacist order entry protocol for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization. A retrospective chart review of orthopedic surgery procedures on patients with MRSA colonization at a free-standing, academic pediatric hospital, between February 2010 and February 2012. Procedures that were performed pre protocol (n = 27) implementation had a 63% rate of appropriate antibiotic selection compared to 81% in the postprotocol group (n = 32; p = 0.

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Hospital-wide antibiograms provide general susceptibility patterns. Specific antibiograms were created for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates based on infection process and epidemiology. Using clinical microbiology laboratory data and patient profiles, high clindamycin resistance rates were seen for nonskin and soft tissue infections and noncommunity-associated methicillin-resistant S.

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Children presenting to an emergency department following an animal bite were found to be at risk for infection if they had puncture wounds, crush wounds, or were bitten by a cat. Of the infected wounds that were cultured, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was not isolated as a pathogen.

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Cenicriviroc is a once-daily oral CCR5/CCR2 antagonist in development for treatment of HIV infection. CVC Study 202 (652-2-202; NCT01338883) excluded treatment-naive subjects demonstrated to harbor non-R5 (CXCR4-tropic or dual-mixed) tropic HIV-1 by either genotypic or phenotypic tropism testing. Here we compare the results of genotypic and phenotypic tropism testing in Study 202.

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A former coking works in England is being remediated to enable its redevelopment. We have developed site specific human health risk assessment criteria (SSAC) for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) based on detailed characterisation of red shale proposed for reuse in an area allocated for residential development. Samples of red shale were analysed using the Colon-enhanced Physiologically Based Extraction Test (CEPBET) to estimate the bioaccessibility of BaP.

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Phonetic inquiry, particularly of the kind which looks at large numbers of items, frequently asks what a 'typical' example of a phenomenon of speech is like. For example, in describing the plosives of a language, it is common to calculate average closure durations or voice onset times in some contexts. In this paper, the focus is on examples from natural conversation where there are untypical patterns, and where the item of interest is, in statistical terms, an outlier.

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This overview paper provides an introduction to work on naturally-occurring speech data, combining techniques of conversation analysis with techniques and methods from phonetics. The paper describes the development of the field, highlighting current challenges and progress in interdisciplinary work. It considers the role of quantification and its relationship to a qualitative methodology.

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This paper considers the communicative function of final rises in Finnish conversational talk between pairs of teenage girls. Final rises are fairly common, occurring approximately twice a minute, predominantly on declaratives and in narrative sequences. We briefly consider the interplay between voice quality (known to be a marker of transition relevance) and rising intonation in Finnish.

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This paper describes the phonetic exponents of rhoticity in postvocalic position in the speech of 4 young adult speakers of Standard Dutch. In addition to describing aspects of the segmental realisation of /r/, the paper focusses on parametric differences between rhymes with and without postvocalic /r/ in the material under consideration, presenting both impressionistic observations and instrumental measurements. Results of the investigation suggest that parametric analysis is a crucial complement to segmental classification, in providing insights into the relation between segmental realisations and 'contextual effects' of /r/, the phonetics of /r/ deletion and similarities and differences between rhotics cross-linguistically.

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