COVID-19 Adult, Childhood, and Adolescent Vaccination Coverage Among Military and Civilian Families, United States.

Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic affected the lives of military members and their families, with over 400,000 cases among U.S. military members since the start of the pandemic.

Delays in Children's Preventive Health Services During the COVID-19 Pandemic.

Background And Objectives: Stay-at-home orders, social isolation recommendations, and fear of COVID-19 exposure have led to delays in children's preventive health services during the pandemic. Delays can lead to missed opportunities for early screening and detection of health problems, and increased risks for outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases. Understanding prevalence of and reasons for missed, delayed, or skipped preventive health services is important for developing strategies to achieve rapid catch-up of essential health services.

Normal laboratory reference intervals among healthy adults screened for a HIV pre-exposure prophylaxis clinical trial in Botswana.

Introduction: Accurate clinical laboratory reference values derived from a local or regional population base are required to correctly interpret laboratory results. In Botswana, most reference intervals used to date are not standardized across clinical laboratories and are based on values derived from populations in the United States or Western Europe.

Methods: We measured 14 hematologic and biochemical parameters of healthy young adults screened for participation in the Botswana HIV Pre-exposure Prophylaxis Study using tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine (TDF/FTC) (TDF2 Study).

Bone mineral density changes among HIV-uninfected young adults in a randomised trial of pre-exposure prophylaxis with tenofovir-emtricitabine or placebo in Botswana.

Background: Tenofovir-emtricitabine (TDF-FTC) pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) has been found to be effective for prevention of HIV infection in several clinical trials. Two studies of TDF PrEP among men who have sex with men showed slight bone mineral density (BMD) loss. We investigated the effect of TDF and the interaction of TDF and hormonal contraception on BMD among HIV-uninfected African men and women.

CD4(+) cell count, viral load, and drug resistance patterns among heterosexual breakthrough HIV infections in a study of oral preexposure prophylaxis.

We examined CD4 cell count and plasma viral load patterns among Botswana TDF/FTC Oral HIV Prophylaxis Trial (TDF2 study) participants who seroconverted, comparing participants assigned to receive tenofovir/emtricitabine with participants assigned to receive placebo. We also evaluated for antiretroviral drug resistance among the breakthrough HIV infections. Among nine seroconverters assigned to tenofovir/emtricitabine and 24 to placebo, there were no significant differences in their CD4 cell count or viral load profiles over time.

Blood pressure measurements at emergency department visits by adults: United States, 2007-2008.

This brief shows that elevated BP readings are much more common at visits to the ED than at visits to outpatient primary care providers. Compared with the 27.0% prevalence found at visits to primary care providers, the combined visit prevalence of severely and moderately elevated BP in EDs is about 43.

Hospital preparedness for emergency response: United States, 2008.

Objective: This report is a summary of hospital preparedness for responding to public health emergencies, including mass casualties and epidemics of naturally occurring diseases such as influenza.

Methods: Data are from an emergency response preparedness supplement to the 2008 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey, which uses a national probability sample of nonfederal general and short-stay hospitals in the United States. Sample data were weighted to produce national estimates.

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2007 emergency department summary.

Objective: This report presents data on U.S. emergency department (ED) visits in 2007, with statistics on hospital, patient, and visit characteristics.

Ambulatory medical care in rural Haiti.

Introduction: In 2005, a team of U.S. physicians, nurse practitioners, nurses, pharmacists, emergency medical technicians and lay support personnel provided health services in an isolated town in rural Haiti.

Research using emergency department-related data sets: current status and future directions.

The 2009 Academic Emergency Medicine consensus conference focused on "Public Health in the ED: Surveillance, Screening and Intervention." One conference breakout session discussed the significant research value of health-related data sets. This article represents the proceedings from that session, primarily focusing on emergency department (ED)-related data sets and includes examples of the use of a data set based on ED visits for research purposes.

The use of antiplatelet agents for secondary prevention of ischemic stroke in U.S. ambulatory care settings.

Introduction: We examined stroke prevention with antiplatelet agents by U.S. nonfederal office physicians and hospital outpatient departments from 2005-2006.

Statins for secondary cardiovascular disease prevention for older primary care patients.

Objectives: To examine statin prescribing for secondary cardiovascular disease prevention at primary care visits by older patients in 2005-2006.

Design: The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey and the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey are cross-sectional, using a multistage random sample (112 primary sampling units, physicians and hospitals, patient visits). Characteristics from 4964 primary care visits were abstracted from medical records.

Anticoagulation for patients with atrial fibrillation in ambulatory care settings.

Background: In the context of recently published guidelines, we studied anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation as part of stroke prevention.

Methods: The National Center for Health Statistics ambulatory care surveys use a multistage random sampling design consisting of 112 US geographic primary sampling units, nonfederal physician offices and hospital outpatient departments within those units, and patient visits to those offices and outpatient departments. Patient and visit characteristics were abstracted from 1771 medical records of patients with atrial fibrillation aged 20 years or older from 2001 to 2006, representing a national estimate of 6.

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2006 emergency department summary.

Objective: This report presents the most current (2006) nationally representative data on visits to hospital emergency departments (ED) in the United States. Statistics are presented on selected hospital, patient, and visit characteristics.

Methods: Data are from the 2006 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS), the longest continuously running nationally representative survey of hospital ED utilization.

Hospital collaboration with public safety organizations on bioterrorism response.

Objective: To identify hospital characteristics that predict collaboration with public safety organizations on bioterrorism response plans and mass casualty drills.

Methods: The 2003 and 2004 Bioterrorism and Mass Casualty Supplements to the National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey examined collaboration with emergency medical services (EMS), hazardous materials teams (HAZMAT), fire departments, and law enforcement. The sample included 112 geographic primary sampling units and 1,110 hospitals.

Emergency response planning in hospitals, United States: 2003-2004.

Objective: This study presents baseline data to determine which hospital characteristics are associated with preparedness for terrorism and natural disaster in the areas of emergency response planning and availability of equipment and specialized care units.

Methods: Information from the Bioterrorism and Mass Casualty Preparedness Supplements to the 2003 and 2004 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys was used to provide national estimates of variations in hospital emergency response plans and resources by residency and medical school affiliation, hospital size, ownership, metropolitan statistical area status, and Joint Commission accreditation. Of 874 sampled hospitals with emergency or outpatient departments, 739 responded for an 84.

National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: 2005 emergency department summary.

Objective: This report presents the most current (2005) nationally representative data on visits to hospital emergency departments (ED) in the United States. Statistics are presented on selected hospital, patient, and visit characteristics. Selected trends in ED utilization from 1995 through 2005 are also presented.

National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey: terrorism preparedness among office-based physicians, United States, 2003-2004.

Objectives: This investigation describes terrorism preparedness among U.S. office-based physicians and their staffs in identification and diagnosis of terrorism-related conditions, training methods and sources, and assistance with diagnosis and reporting.

Terrorism preparedness: have office-based physicians been trained?

Background And Objectives: Terrorism may have a severe impact on physicians' practices. We examined terrorism preparedness training of office-based physicians.

Methods: The National Ambulatory Medical Care Survey uses a nationally representative multi-stage sampling design.

Training for terrorism-related conditions in hospitals: United States, 2003-04.

Objective: This study estimates baseline data to determine which hospital characteristics are associated with providing terrorism preparedness training to clinical staff.

Methods: Information from a Bioterrorism and Mass Casualty Supplement to the 2003 and 2004 National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Surveys was used to provide national estimates of variations in terrorism preparedness training by eight hospital characteristics. Of 874 hospitals in scope, 739 (84.

Bioterrorism and mass casualty preparedness in hospitals: United States, 2003.

Objectives: This study examined the content of hospital terrorism preparedness emergency response plans; whether those plans had been updated since September 11, 2001; collaboration of hospitals with outside organizations; clinician training in the management of biological, chemical, explosive, and nuclear exposures; drills on the response plans; and equipment and bed capacity.

Methods: The National Hospital Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCS) is an annual survey of a probability sample of approximately 500 non-Federal general and short-stay hospitals in the United States. A Bioterrorism and Mass Casualty Supplement was included in the 2003 survey and provided the data for this analysis.

Caring for the underserved: current practice of alumni of the National Health Service Corps.

The objective of this study was to examine the number and characteristics of National Health Service Corps (NHSC) alumni who currently practice with an underserved population. The study design was a cross-sectional survey mailed in 1998 to a sample of 2,160 alumni. The response rate was 58.

Provision of care to the underserved populations by National Health Service Corps alumni dentists.

Objective: This study examined factors associated with dentists continuing to provide care to the underserved populations beyond their National Health Service Corps (NHSC) obligation period.

Methods: Self-administered questionnaires were mailed in 1998 to 404 dentists who had completed their service obligation between 1980 and 1997. The outcome variable was dentist self-report of continuing to work with the underserved population past NHSC obligation.