Publications by authors named "Richard Monroe"
The present study examined the predictive role of increased self-reported mindfulness skills on reduced trauma-related guilt in a sample of veterans over the course of residential treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD; N = 128). The residential treatment consisted of seven weeks of intensive cognitive processing therapy (CPT) for PTSD, as well as additional psychoeducational groups, including seven sessions on mindfulness skills. Increased mindfulness skills describing, acting with awareness, and accepting without judgment were significantly associated with reductions in trauma-related guilt over the course of treatment.
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- Exposure to cadmium, mercury, and rotenone leads to mitochondrial dysfunction that inhibits Jak/STAT signaling in human BE(2)-C neuroblastoma cells, causing reduced cellular response to growth factors and cytokines.
- In contrast, similar exposure does not affect Jak/STAT signaling in HepG2 hepatoma cells, suggesting a protective mechanism against oxidative stress in non-neuronal cells.
- The study indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction increases reactive oxygen species production, which directly inhibits Jak tyrosine kinase activity in neurons, while antioxidant treatments can reverse these effects.
Article Synopsis
- Mercury is a powerful neurotoxin that can disrupt neurological development in newborns and might contribute to neurodegenerative diseases by affecting neuronal signaling pathways.
- Research showed that divalent mercury (HgCl(2)) decreases activation of important signaling pathways (Jak/STAT) needed for neuron survival, while not affecting similar pathways in non-neuronal cells.
- Oxidative stress caused by mercury treatment was similar to that caused by hydrogen peroxide, but antioxidant agents helped protect neurons from this oxidative damage, highlighting a potential mechanism for mercury's neurotoxic effects.
Cadmium blocks receptor-mediated Jak/STAT signaling in neurons by oxidative stress.
Free Radic Biol Med
August 2006
Cadmium is an environmental contaminant producing numerous pathological effects including neurological disorders. The mechanisms through which cadmium produces neurotoxicities are not completely known. We found that divalent cadmium (CdCl2) inhibited ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF)-mediated Jak1 and Jak2 tyrosine kinase signaling in human BE(2)-C neuroblastoma cells.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFIn Drosophila, we have found that some of the motor terminals in wandering third-instar larvae are sexually differentiated. In three out of the four body-wall muscle fibers that we examined, we found female terminals that produced a larger synaptic response than their male counterparts. The single motor terminal that innervates muscle fiber 5 produces an EPSP that is 69% larger in females than in males.
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