Racial and ethnic disparities in health risk from industrial surface water pollution in the United States, 2011-2021.

Industrial chemical pollution is released into surface water at a large scale annually in the United States. However, geographic variation and racial disparities in potential exposure are poorly understood at a national scale. Using county-level Risk-Screening Environmental Indicators data for 2011-2021 and American Community Survey data, this study analyzes the spatial and temporal distribution of health risk from modeled water releases using a Gamma hurdle model.

The evolution of cyclosporine treatments for treatment of ocular surface diseases.

Purpose Of Review: Cyclosporine is a versatile immunomodulatory drug commonly employed in modern medicine. Although cyclosporine was initially used to prevent solid organ transplant rejection, its indications have extended to treat many inflammatory or autoimmune diseases. Cyclosporin is available for use in oral, intravenous, and topical forms, including eye drops to treat corneal and ocular surface conditions.

Observational methods for human studies of transgenerational effects.

There are substantial challenges in studying human transgenerational epigenetic outcomes resulting from environmental conditions. The task requires specialized methods and tools that incorporate specific knowledge of multigenerational relationship combinations of probands and their ancestors, phenotype data for individuals, environmental information of ancestors and their descendants, which can span historical to present datasets, and informative environmental data that chronologically aligns with ancestors and descendants over space and time. As a result, there are few epidemiologic studies of potential transgenerational effects in human populations, thus limiting the knowledge of ancestral environmental conditions and the potential impacts we face with modern human health outcomes.

Application of the RE-AIM framework to evaluate the implementation of telehealth pulmonary rehabilitation in a randomized controlled trial among African-American and Hispanic patients with advanced stage Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.

Background: Pulmonary rehabilitation (PR) decreases rehospitalization for people with COPD. However, less than 2% receive PR, partly due to lack of referral and sparsity of PR facilities. This disparity is particularly pronounced in African American and Hispanic persons with COPD.

Evidence of transgenerational effects on autism spectrum disorder using multigenerational space-time cluster detection.

Background: Transgenerational epigenetic risks associated with complex health outcomes, such as autism spectrum disorder (ASD), have attracted increasing attention. Transgenerational environmental risk exposures with potential for epigenetic effects can be effectively identified using space-time clustering. Specifically applied to ancestors of individuals with disease outcomes, space-time clustering characterized for vulnerable developmental stages of growth can provide a measure of relative risk for disease outcomes in descendants.

Spatial Distribution of Hateful Tweets Against Asians and Asian Americans During the COVID-19 Pandemic, November 2019 to May 2020.

To illustrate the spatiotemporal distribution of geolocated tweets that contain anti-Asian hate language in the contiguous United States during the early phase of the COVID-19 pandemic. We used a data set of geolocated tweets that match with keywords reflecting COVID-19 and anti-Asian hate and identified geographical clusters using the space-time scan statistic with Bernoulli model. Anti-Asian hate language surged between January and March 2020.

Status Migrainosus and Endometriosis: A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Status migrainosus is a migraine complication describing an attack lasting longer than 72 hours. In this paper, we present a case of a 34-year-old female with a history of severe endometriosis and hypercoagulable factor type II disease who presented to the emergency department (ED) with a three-week history of new-onset intractable migraine with aura. Imaging findings revealed a frontal T2/FLAIR hyperintensity, venous anomaly, and bilateral optic nerve thickening.

Ending the HIV epidemic using National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS): Recommendations based on DC model.

Introduction: Social network strategies have been used by health departments to identify undiagnosed cases of HIV. Heterosexual cycle (HET4) of National HIV Behavioral Surveillance (NHBS) is a social network strategy implemented in jurisdictions. The main objectives of this research are to 1) evaluate the utility of the NHBS HET cycle data for network analysis; 2) to apply statistical analysis in support of previous HIV research, as well as to develop new research results focused on demographic variables and prevention/intervention with respect to heterosexual HIV risk; and 3) to employ NHBS data to inform policy with respect to the EHE plan.

Reflections on hateful responses to research on hate in the United States.

While researching hate and gaining media attention beginning in 2018, we incurred a good amount of hate toward us and our research in the form of online comments and direct correspondence. Rather than just pass the comments off as general hate, we collected the text and analyzed it in an attempt to better understand the beliefs, perceptions, and arguments of those that rejected our efforts toward gaining knowledge on geographical hate trends. We use content analysis to identify categories of anti-hate research argumentation based on the comments.

A Telehealth-Delivered Pulmonary Rehabilitation Intervention in Underserved Hispanic and African American Patients With Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Community-Based Participatory Research Approach.

Background: Although home telemonitoring (TM) is a promising approach for patients managing their chronic disease, rehabilitation using home TM has not been tested for use with individuals living with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) residing in underserved communities.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze qualitative data from focus groups with key stakeholders to ensure the acceptability and usability of the TM COPD intervention.

Methods: We utilized a community-based participatory research (CBPR) approach to adapt a home TM COPD intervention to facilitate acceptability and feasibility in low-income African American and Hispanic patients.

Visualizing diurnal population change in urban areas for emergency management.

There is an increasing need for a quick, simple method to represent diurnal population change in metropolitan areas for effective emergency management and risk analysis. Many geographic studies rely on decennial U.S.