Real-world Clinical Outcomes and Prognostic Factors in Neuroendocrine Prostate Cancer.

Background: Neuroendocrine prostate cancer (NEPC) encompasses pure NEPC and tumors with mixed adenocarcinoma and neuroendocrine histology. While NEPC is thought to confer a poor prognosis, outcome data are sparse, making risk stratification and treatment decisions difficult for clinicians.

Methods: This retrospective study identified patients with morphological and/or immunohistochemical NEPC features on pathological review of high-grade prostate cancer cases.

Efficacy and Safety of First-line Systemic Therapy for Metastatic Renal Cell Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Network Meta-analysis.

Context: Considerable advances have been made in the first-line treatment of metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC), with immunotherapy-based combinations including immunotherapy-tyrosine kinase inhibitors (IO-TKIs) and dual immunotherapy (IO-IO) favored. A lack of head-to-head clinical trials comparing these treatments means that there is uncertainty regarding their use in clinical practice.

Objective: To compare and rank the efficacy and safety of first-line systemic treatments for mRCC with a focus on IO-based combinations.

Real-World Outcomes of Oxaliplatin-Based Chemotherapy on R0 Resected Colonic Liver Metastasis.

Introduction: In resected colonic liver metastasis (CLM), randomized studies of oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy have demonstrated improvements in disease-free survival (DFS), but not overall survival (OS). Additionally, oxaliplatin regimens have not been compared to non-oxaliplatin chemotherapy. Despite limited evidence, perioperative chemotherapy is often used in the management of CLM.

A real-world, population-based study of patterns of referral, treatment, and outcomes for advanced pancreatic cancer.

Background: To describe patterns of referral, consultation, and treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer patients in a population-based health care system and to evaluate the impact of these factors on outcomes.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis of population-based cancer data from the province of Alberta, Canada. We analyzed patients diagnosed with either locally advanced or metastatic pancreatic adenocarcinoma from 2009 to 2016 and evaluated their patterns of referral to a cancer center, consultation with oncology, and treatment with active anticancer therapies.

Prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma treated with sorafenib: a comparison of five models in a large Canadian database.

Several systems (tumor-node-metastasis [TNM], Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer [BCLC], Okuda, Cancer of the Liver Italian Program [CLIP], and albumin-bilirubin grade [ALBI]) were developed to estimate the prognosis of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) mostly prior to the prevalent use of sorafenib. We aimed to compare the prognostic and discriminatory power of these models in predicting survival for HCC patients treated with sorafenib and to identify independent prognostic factors for survival in this population. Patients who received sorafenib for the treatment of HCC between 1 January 2008 and 30 June 2015 in the provinces of British Columbia and Alberta, and two large cancer centers in Toronto, Ontario, were included.

Impact of Postoperative Adjuvant Chemotherapy Following Long-course Chemoradiotherapy in Stage II Rectal Cancer.

Objectives: Use of adjuvant chemotherapy (AC) following neoadjuvant chemoradiation (nCRT) is controversial in rectal cancer (RC). We assessed a multi-institutional database to determine if there was benefit from AC for pathologic stage II RC patients and whether the addition of oxaliplatin to fluoropyrimidine (OXAC) therapy impacted outcomes.

Materials And Methods: We included patients who underwent nCRT and had pathologic stage II (ypT3/4 ypN0) tumors.