Short communication: Different mutation patterns in subtype CRF06_cpx after mother-to-child transmission.

Abstract Development of drug resistance mutation patterns (DRMP) in HIV after treatment failure depends on the drugs used in the failing regimen. However, selected patterns may not be unique; there is evidence that selection of DRMP for nelfinavir is dependent on subtype and/or background polymorphisms. Here we describe the selection of DRMP in a mother and son infected with subtype CRF06_cpx by mother-to-child transmission.

Humoral immune responsiveness to a defined epitope on factor VIII before and after B cell ablation with rituximab.

In hemophilia A, up to 30% of patients develop neutralizing antibodies (inhibitors) to factor VIII (FVIII). Treatment of an inhibitor patient with anti-CD20 (rituximab) provided an opportunity to study the humoral immune response to the well defined and constantly administered antigen, FVIII, before therapy and after B cell repopulation. Levels of CD20(+) B cells, inhibitor titers as well as antibody titers to selected antigens and FVIII-specific IgG subclasses were monitored.

Treatment of HCV infection with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin in a patient with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome.

Chronic hepatitis C (HCV) infection in patients with primary immunodeficiency increases the risk of an accelerated progression of HCV-related liver disease. Here, we report a patient with X-linked lymphoproliferative syndrome infected with HCV and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV). After combination treatment with interferon alpha-2b and ribavirin, clearance of HCV-RNA was achieved, and noteworthily, EBV DNA also became undetectable.