Publications by authors named "Richard Lederman"

Purpose: Radiological follow-up of oncology patients requires the detection of metastatic lung lesions and the quantitative analysis of their changes in longitudinal imaging studies. Our aim was to evaluate SimU-Net, a novel deep learning method for the automatic analysis of metastatic lung lesions and their temporal changes in pairs of chest CT scans.

Materials And Methods: SimU-Net is a simultaneous multichannel 3D U-Net model trained on pairs of registered prior and current scans of a patient.

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Article Synopsis
  • Doctors need to keep an eye on cancer patients by checking for changes in their body scans, which can be tricky and takes a lot of time.
  • A new method has been developed to help doctors find and analyze these changes more easily, using a cool graph-based system.
  • When tested, this method showed it could find almost all missed or incorrectly identified issues in the scans, helping doctors make better decisions about patient care.
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  • This study looks at how to better find mistakes when doctors look at cancer scans over time, so they don't miss or wrongly identify tumors.
  • It tested two ways of checking the scans: one done by experienced doctors and another one using a computer program that helps find problems automatically.
  • The results showed that both methods found a lot of missed and misidentified tumors, with the computer method being especially good at it, helping doctors evaluate cancer better.
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Purpose: Radiological detection and follow-up of pancreatic cysts in multisequence MRI studies are required to assess the likelihood of their malignancy and to determine their treatment. The evaluation requires expertise and has not been automated. This paper presents MC3DU-Net, a novel multisequence cascaded pipeline for the detection and segmentation of pancreatic cysts in MRI studies consisting of coronal MRCP and axial TSE MRI sequences.

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Purpose: Radiological follow-up of oncology patients requires the quantitative analysis of lesion changes in longitudinal imaging studies, which is time-consuming, requires expertise, and is subject to variability. This paper presents a comprehensive graph-based method for the automatic detection and classification of lesion changes in current and prior CT scans.

Methods: The inputs are the current and prior CT scans and their organ and lesion segmentations.

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Objectives: To compare liver metastases changes in CT assessed by radiologists using RECIST 1.1 and with aided simultaneous deep learning-based volumetric lesion changes analysis.

Methods: A total of 86 abdominal CT studies from 43 patients (prior and current scans) of abdominal CT scans of patients with 1041 liver metastases (mean = 12.

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Purpose: Quantitative evaluation of renal obstruction is crucial for preventing renal atrophy. This study presents a novel method for diagnosing renal obstruction by automatically extracting objective indicators from routine multi-phase CT Urography (CTU).

Material And Methods: The study included multi-phase CTU examinations of 6 hydronephrotic kidneys and 24 non-hydronephrotic kidneys (23,164 slices).

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The identification and quantification of liver lesions changes in longitudinal contrast enhanced CT (CECT) scans is required to evaluate disease status and to determine treatment efficacy in support of clinical decision-making. This paper describes a fully automatic end-to-end pipeline for liver lesion changes analysis in consecutive (prior and current) abdominal CECT scans of oncology patients. The three key novelties are: (1) SimU-Net, a simultaneous multi-channel 3D R2U-Net model trained on pairs of registered scans of each patient that identifies the liver lesions and their changes based on the lesion and healthy tissue appearance differences; (2) a model-based bipartite graph lesions matching method for the analysis of lesion changes at the lesion level; (3) a method for longitudinal analysis of one or more of consecutive scans of a patient based on SimU-Net that handles major liver deformations and incorporates lesion segmentations from previous analysis.

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Purpose: Partial obstruction of the upper urinary tract is a common urological pathology that leads to progressive atrophy and dysfunction of the kidney. Most methods for evaluating the urine drainage rate, to assess the severity of partial obstruction, involve injection of markers into the blood stream and therefore the filtration rate from the blood effects the drainage rate. This study presents a novel method for assessing the drainage rate from the upper urinary tract by analyzing sequential fluoroscopic images from a routine nephrostogram, in which contrast material is introduced directly into the renal collecting system.

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Frederick Delius was born in Yorkshire, England, on June 29, 1862, the son of German immigrants. He showed early musical talent but his father, a wealthy wool merchant, insisted he pursue a business career. After several failures, including an assignment managing an orange grove near Jacksonville, Florida, his father agreed to support his musical studies in Leipzig, assuming he would then become self-sufficient.

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Alice Brandfonbrener died peacefully at home on May 31, 2014, after a protracted illness. For all of us involved in performing arts medicine, she was the inspiration and guiding spirit. She will be missed.

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Voltage-gated potassium channel (VGKC) complex antibody-mediated encephalitis is a recently recognised entity which has been reported to mimic the clinical presentation of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Testing for the presence of this neuronal surface autoantibody in patients presenting with subacute encephalopathy is therefore crucial as it may both revoke the bleak diagnosis of prion disease and allow institution of potentially life-saving immunotherapy. Tempering this optimistic view is the rare instance when a positive VGKC complex antibody titre occurs in a definite case of prion disease.

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Introduction: Isolated sural mononeuropathy is rare and frequently constitutes a diagnostic challenge.

Methods: This investigation was a retrospective study of sural neuropathy at a single electrodiagnostic center.

Results: Our study included 36 patients with sural neuropathy, the largest sample so far reported.

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Fear of a tremulous or unsteady bow is widespread among string instrumentalists. Faulty technique and performance anxiety have generally been blamed. The cases of 4 high-level violinists and 1 violist, 3 women and 2 men, with uncontrollable bow tremor are presented.

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Instrumental musicians often seek medical consultation for symptoms suggestive of nerve entrapment. About 20% of those seen in the author's performing artists' clinic were diagnosed with a focal neuropathy. In general, neuropathies that are most common in the overall population tend also to be most common among musicians, although some expectations exist, including, for example, localized peri-oral sensory syndromes associated with playing a brass instrument, and, possibly, ulnar neuropathies related to the playing position of bowed string players.

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The authors present the results of 84 musicians with focal task-specific dystonia treated with EMG-guided botulinum toxin injections. Treatment outcome was assessed by subjective estimation of playing before and after treatment and self-rating of treatment response. Fifty-eight (69%) of the musicians experienced improvement from the injections and 30 of 84 musicians (36%) reported long-term benefit in their performance ability.

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Background: Involvement of the liver by lymphoma is almost always secondary. A definite diagnosis can be made only after histologic examination. Recently there has been a trend to replace surgical biopsies with percutaneous core-needle biopsies for the diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders.

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This study describes the clinical characteristics and long-term outcome in string instrumentalists with focal task-specific dystonia. We present the results of a follow-up telephone survey of 21 violin and viola players with focal dystonia. Eighteen musicians responded to the questionnaire.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to evaluate a computer-aided classification (CAC) system for identifying lesions in the BI-RADS category 3 based on mammogram images.
  • The CAC system analyzed 106 lesions, utilizing quantitative features from digitized mammograms to determine malignancy likelihood; results showed high sensitivity (94%) and decent specificity (78%), indicating effective classification.
  • Ultimately, the CAC system successfully upgraded the classification of 90% of malignant lesions initially categorized as probably benign, showing potential for improving diagnostic accuracy in breast cancer detection.
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A 51-year-old woman with CREST syndrome (calcinosis, Raynaud phenomenon, esophageal dysmotility, sclerodactyly, and telangiectasia) developed stepwise progressive focal neurological deficits without zoster rash. Multifocal ischemic infarcts were seen on magnetic resonance imaging, and cerebral angiography revealed focal stenosis of arteries affecting the intracranial circulation. A brain biopsy was nondiagnostic.

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Background: Musicians are an occupational (or avocational) group that may on occasion have highly specific health care problems apparently caused by or adversely affecting instrumental performance. Neurologists have been intimately involved in the development of a burgeoning interest in these disorders and, because of the nature of the most common symptoms, neurologists can expect to be called upon to evaluate such patients.

Review Summary: In this review, the most common playing-related disorders are discussed.

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Over the past 20 years, there has been increasing interest in the medical problems of performing artists. In this review, the major playing-related disorders seen in instrumental musicians are discussed. Among the 1353 instrumentalists personally evaluated, the major diagnoses included musculoskeletal disorders in 64%, peripheral nerve problems in 20%, and focal dystonia in 8%.

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The Breast Imaging Reporting and Data System (BI-RADS) was implemented to standardize characterization of mammographic findings. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate in which BI-RADS categories the changes recommended by computerized mammographic analysis are most beneficial. Archival cases including, 170 masses (101 malignant, 69 benign) and 63 clusters of microcalcifications (MCs; 36 malignant, 27 benign), were evaluated retrospectively, using the BI-RADS categories, by several radiologists, blinded to the pathology results.

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