Influence of Irrigation and Wetting Agent on Fungicide Residues in Creeping Bentgrass.

Fungicides (azoxystrobin, propiconazole, pyraclostrobin, and thiophanate-methyl) were applied to field plots of creeping bentgrass established on a sand-based root zone substrate and maintained at a cutting height of 0.34 cm. The wetting agent, a modified alkylated polyol, was applied 24 h prior to fungicide application.

Spatial and temporal distribution of fungicides applied to creeping bentgrass.

Turf managers often rely on fungicides to limit damage caused by root diseases. Because fungicides are applied to aboveground surfaces and do not move basipetally, they are effective against root pathogens only when fungitoxic concentrations migrate to the rhizosphere. This research focused on the distribution of modern fungicides in verdure, thatch, sand, and roots of creeping bentgrass [ L.

Residual Efficacy of Fungicides for Controlling Brown Patch on Creeping Bentgrass Fairways.

Residual efficacy of five fungicides (azoxystrobin, flutolanil, metconazole, polyoxin D, and pyraclostrobin) applied to creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera) maintained under golf course fairway conditions was determined using a bioassay method. During 2010 and 2011, six different field experiments were conducted. Each consisted of a single fungicide application followed by periodic (0, 3, 7, 10, 14, 17, and 21 days after application) turf sampling, inoculation of samples with an isolate of Rhizoctonia solani, and incubation in a controlled environment chamber for 48 h.

Reassessment of Fungicide Synergism for Control of Dollar Spot.

Experiments were designed to assess reports of synergism between propiconazole and other fungicides to control dollar spot in creeping bentgrass. In 2004 and 2006, two field experiments were conducted near Griffin, GA, and repeated near West Lafayette, IN. A third experiment was conducted at the Griffin site in 2007.

Residual Efficacy of Fungicides for Control of Dollar Spot on Creeping Bentgrass.

The duration of effective concentrations of fungicides for control of dollar spot on creeping bentgrass fairways was investigated using a bioassay technique. In each of three runs of the experiment, fungicide treatments were applied once to turf in replicated field plots; then, the plots were sampled periodically over 3 weeks by removing turf plugs from the field. The sampled plugs were placed in incubation containers and inoculated with sections from a 4-day-old colony of Sclerotinia homoeocarpa growing on potato dextrose agar.

Winter Survival of the Perennial Ryegrass Pathogen Magnaporthe oryzae in North Central Indiana.

Winter survival of Magnaporthe oryzae in north central Indiana was investigated in response to reports and observations of sporadic disease incidence. Survival of the fungus in perennial ryegrass residue was assessed. Time course studies were designed to assess the conidia production potential of infested perennial ryegrass residue exposed to ambient and predetermined treatments.

Comparison of selected physical fitness and performance variables between NCAA Division I and II football players.

The purpose of this study was to compare selected physical fitness and performance variables between National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) Division I and II football players. The subjects included offensive and defensive starters, excluding kickers and punters from 26 NCAA Division I and 23 Division II teams. Offensive players were grouped and compared by the following positions: quarterback, running back, wide receiver, tight end, and line.

Comparison of physical and performance characteristics of NCAA Division I football players: 1987 and 2000.

The purpose of this study was to compare normative data from present Division I National Collegiate Athletic Association football teams to those from 1987. Players were divided into 8 positions for comparisons: quarterbacks (QB), running backs (RB), receivers (WR), tight ends (TE), offensive linemen (OL), defensive linemen (DL), linebackers (LB), and defensive backs (DB). Comparisons included height, body mass, bench press and squat strength, vertical jump, vertical jump power, 40-yd-dash speed, and body composition.

A Rapid PCR-Based Method for the Detection of Magnaporthe oryzae from Infected Perennial Ryegrass.

Gray leaf spot caused by Magnaporthe oryzae is a serious disease of perennial ryegrass in the midwestern United States. Symptoms of gray leaf spot can be confused with those caused by other fungal diseases that also are common during periods of high temperatures and ample moisture. Because turf managers must select appropriate fungicides for remedial treatment, accurate and timely identification of the pathogen is essential for efficient and effective disease management.

A Survey of Physical Activity Levels of Certified Athletic Trainers.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the self-reported physical activities of certified athletic trainers (ATCs), both at work and at leisure. DESIGN AND SETTING: We used the Baecke Questionnaire of Habitual Physical Activity and also asked for demographic information, including employment setting, years of experience, education level, and position. SUBJECTS: The questionnaire was sent to 1200 randomly selected ATCs in the Mid-America Athletic Trainers' Association; the return rate was 53%.

Validation of a Commercial System for Remote Estimation of Wetness Duration.

To assess the accuracy of remote, real-time mathematical simulations of wetness duration and air temperature, hourly measurements of wetness duration and air temperature at 18 sites in the United States and Canada from May to September 1995 were compared with simulations for these sites provided by SkyBit, Inc. SkyBit simulations of mean, maximum, and minimum daily air temperatures varied from on-site measurements by less than 0.7°C but underestimated the duration of wet periods by an average of 3.