Effectiveness and safety of mandatory antimicrobial indications and durations and a pharmacist-driven 48-hour time-out in a pediatric hospital.

Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of mandatory antimicrobial indications and durations (MAID) and a pharmacist-driven 48-hour time-out in a pediatric hospital.

Methods: MAID and a 48-hour time-out were implemented on February 14, 2017. Antibiotic days of therapy (DOT) per 1,000 patient days were compared between the pre- and postperiod for select antibiotics using unadjusted Poisson models.

Evidence-based development of a nephrotoxic medication list to screen for acute kidney injury risk in hospitalized children.

Purpose: Medications are commonly associated with acute kidney injury (AKI). However, in both clinical practice and research, consideration of specific medications as nephrotoxic varies widely. The Nephrotoxic Injury Negated by Just-in-time Action quality improvement collaborative was formed to focus on prevention or reduction of nephrotoxic medication-associated AKI in noncritically ill hospitalized children.

Preoperative Antibiotic Orders: Protocol-Initiated Pharmacist Order Entry.

To evaluate the antibiotic selection of preoperative orders before and after a pharmacist order entry protocol for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) colonization. A retrospective chart review of orthopedic surgery procedures on patients with MRSA colonization at a free-standing, academic pediatric hospital, between February 2010 and February 2012. Procedures that were performed pre protocol (n = 27) implementation had a 63% rate of appropriate antibiotic selection compared to 81% in the postprotocol group (n = 32; p = 0.

Antibiotic Management of Animal Bites in Children During the Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus Era.

Children presenting to an emergency department following an animal bite were found to be at risk for infection if they had puncture wounds, crush wounds, or were bitten by a cat. Of the infected wounds that were cultured, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was not isolated as a pathogen.