Daily associations among sleep, posttraumatic stress disorder, and positive affect.

Research suggests a bidirectional association between sleep disturbances and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms. However, most studies have been conducted with group-level data, which do not necessarily capture the associations between PTSD symptoms and sleep within an individual over time. This study aimed to add to the literature concerning the association between sleep and PTSD and extend these findings to investigate the effect of sleep disturbances on positive affect.

Advancing the network theory of mental disorders: A computational model of panic disorder.

The network theory of psychopathology posits that mental disorders are systems of mutually reinforcing symptoms. This framework has proven highly generative but does not specify precisely how any specific mental disorder operates as such a system. Cognitive behavioral theories of mental disorders provide considerable insight into how these systems may operate.

Network analysis: An overview for mental health research.

Network approaches to psychopathology have become increasingly common in mental health research, with many theoretical and methodological developments quickly gaining traction. This article illustrates contemporary practices in applying network analytical tools, bridging the gap between network concepts and their empirical applications. We explain how we can use graphs to construct networks representing complex associations among observable psychological variables.

Identifying Predictors of Positive and Negative Affect at Mid-Deployment Among Military Medical Personnel.

Introduction: Positive and negative affect influence an individual's ability to utilize available physical, psychological, and social resources to maximize responses to life events. Little research has examined the factors that influence the development of positive affect or reduction of negative affective responses among deployed military personnel. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between deployment-related stressors and symptoms of behavioral health concerns with affectivity among deployed U.

Psychological Clinical Science: Meeting the Challenge of Public Mental Health.

The purpose of this article is to provide a brief overview of how clinical psychology evolved in the United States as a prelude to discussing the emergence of psychological clinical science in the closing years of the 20th century. Despite the growth of clinical psychology, mental disorders remain highly prevalent, compelling us to envision new ways to deliver services in an effective but efficient manner. Topics include the dissemination gap, the affordable access gap, and the Psychological Clinical Science Accreditation System (PCSAS).

The future of psychological treatments: The Marburg Declaration.

Although psychological treatments are broadly recognized as evidence-based interventions for various mental disorders, challenges remain. For example, a substantial proportion of patients receiving such treatments do not fully recover, and many obstacles hinder the dissemination, implementation, and training of psychological treatments. These problems require those in our field to rethink some of our basic models of mental disorders and their treatments, and question how research and practice in clinical psychology should progress.

Mental health markers and protective factors in students with symptoms of physical pain across WEIRD and non-WEIRD samples - a network analysis.

Background: Studies conducted in Western societies have identified variables associated with chronic pain, but few have done so across cultures. Our study aimed to clarify the relationship between specific mental health markers (i.e.

Testing similarity in longitudinal networks: The Individual Network Invariance Test.

The comparison of idiographic network structures to determine the presence of heterogeneity is a challenging endeavor in many applied settings. Previously, researchers eyeballed idiographic networks, computed correlations, and used techniques that make use of the multilevel structure of the data (e.g.

A roadmap to address stress in graduate students: How to develop and disseminate a student-led single-session evidence based intervention.

: This manuscript describes an evidence-based, student-led, single-session group intervention to support emotional wellbeing among graduate students. The present objective is to provide a roadmap for other universities. : Key participants include clinical psychology graduate students (leader and workshop facilitators), faculty supervisor, representatives from receiving departments or schools, and institutional advocates.

Posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms and positive affect: Individual and multilevel dynamic networks.

Objective: Network analysis aims to identify links between symptoms that may serve to maintain one other; the current study uses network analysis to identify relationships between posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms as they unfold over time within individuals. We also examine whether positive affect (PA) may buffer subsequent PTSD symptoms in daily life and compare single individual networks to the average within-person effects.

Method: Fifty-two individuals (76.

Solitude can be good-If you see it as such: Reappraisal helps lonely people experience solitude more positively.

Objective: Solitude is a common experience that can elicit both positive (e.g., relaxation) and negative (e.

How do mindfulness and compassion programs improve mental health and well-being? The role of attentional processing of emotional information.

Background And Objectives: Although the benefits of Meditation-Based Programs are well documented, the mechanisms underlying these benefits have not been fully elucidated. Therefore, we examined whether: (1) formal training in mindfulness and compassion meditation modifies the distribution of attentional resources towards emotional information; and (2) whether changes in attentional processing of emotional information after the meditation programs mediate the improvements in psychological distress, emotion regulation, and well-being.

Methods: A sample of 103 participants enrolled in the study: 36 in the mindfulness program (MBSR), 30 in the compassion program (CCT), and 37 in the no-intervention comparison group (CG).

Crying over spilled milk? A network analysis of aversive well-being comparison, brooding rumination and depressive symptoms.

Background: Comparative thinking about one's well-being is ubiquitous. Comparisons that threaten an individual's self-motives are aversive and interact with rumination and depression. Aversive well-being comparisons include upward social, past temporal, counterfactual, and criteria-based comparisons, as well as downward prospective temporal comparisons.

Managing Fear During Pandemics: Risks and Opportunities.

Fear is an emotion triggered by the perception of danger and motivates safety behaviors. Within the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, there were ample danger cues (e.g.

The Return of Repression? Evidence From Cognitive Psychology.

The controversy over alleged repressed and recovered memories of childhood sexual abuse (CSA) was among the most contentious ever to embroil psychology and psychiatry. Adapting paradigms from cognitive psychology, my research group tested hypotheses pertinent to repressed memory and false memory interpretations of recovered memories. We tested adults who: (1) report recovering memories of CSA after not having thought about their abuse for years; (2) report never having forgotten their CSA; (3) believe they harbor "repressed" memories of CSA; and (4) deny having been sexually abused.

Using Bayesian Networks to Investigate Psychological Constructs: The Case of Empathy.

Network analysis is an emerging field for the study of psychopathology that considers constructs as arising from the interactions among their constituents. Pairwise effects among psychological components are often investigated by using this framework. Few studies have applied Bayesian networks, models that include directed interactions to perform causal inference on psychological constructs.

Oversimplifications and Misrepresentations in the Repressed Memory Debate: A Reply to Ross.

Ross argued that false memory researchers misunderstand the concepts of repression and dissociation, as well as the writings of Freud. In this commentary, we show that Ross is wrong. He oversimplifies and misrepresents the literature on repressed and false memory.

A Network Approach to Trauma, Dissociative Symptoms, and Psychosis Symptoms in Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorders.

Background: Dissociative experiences commonly occur in schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD). Yet little is known about how dissociative experiences in SSD are related to SSD symptoms. Accordingly, we investigated the relations between dissociative experiences and SSD symptoms, focusing on symptoms bridging these 2 symptom clusters as well as their relation to reported trauma history.

A network approach to climate change anxiety and its key related features.

Research has pointed to startling worldwide rates of people reporting considerable anxiety vis-à-vis climate change. Yet, uncertainties remain regarding how climate anxiety's cognitive-emotional features and daily life functional impairments interact with one another and with climate change experience, pro-environmental behaviors, and general worry. In this study, we apply network analyses to examine the associations among these variables in an international community sample (n = 874).

Temporal and contemporaneous network structures of affect and physical activity in emotional disorders.

Background: High negative affect, low positive affect, and limited physical activity figure prominently in psychopathology, but little is known about the interrelatedness of affect and physical activity in emotional disorders.

Methods: We combined ecological momentary assessment data with a network approach to examine the dynamic relations among positive affect, negative affect, and smartphone-based estimates of physical activity in 34 participants with anxiety and depressive disorders over a 2-week period.

Results: In the contemporaneous networks, the positive affect nodes exhibited greater overall strength centrality than negative affect nodes.

Response and ongoing skills use following a single-session virtual cognitive behavioral workshop for graduate students.

Objective: Graduate students frequently experience anxiety, depression, and psychological distress. Counseling centers struggle to meet this need. Brief, skills-based treatments to mitigate burgeoning or mild mental health problems could alleviate this problem.