Triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and plasma lipid transport.

This memoir provides a history of the triglyceride-rich lipoproteins of blood plasma over the last half-century. As precursors of low-density lipoproteins and in their own right, triglyceride-rich lipoproteins are essential to the formation of atherosclerotic plaques and to consequent ischemic vascular disease. The author recounts research at the National Heart Institute during 1953 to 1956 and continuing thereafter at the University of California San Francisco.

An apolipoprotein A-V gene SNP is associated with marked hypertriglyceridemia among Asian-American patients.

Apolipoprotein A-V (apoA-V) is an important regulator of plasma levels of triglyceride (TG) in mice. In humans, APOA5 genetic variation is associated with TG in several populations. In this study, we determined the effects of the p.

Endocytosis of hepatic lipase and lipoprotein lipase into rat liver hepatocytes in vivo is mediated by the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein.

In isolated cell studies, the internalization and degradation of hepatic lipase (HL) has been linked to its binding to the low density lipoprotein receptor-related protein (LRP). We have utilized the receptor-associated protein (RAP), a universal inhibitor of high affinity ligand binding to LRP, to evaluate the participation of LRP in the endocytosis of HL and lipoprotein lipase (LPL). We isolated a total endosome fraction from rat livers after a 30-min infusion of recombinant RAP, administered as a glutathione S-transferase conjugate (GST-RAP).

Properties of triglyceride-rich and cholesterol-rich lipoproteins in the remnant-like particle fraction of human blood plasma.

An immunoassay procedure that quantifies remnant-like particle (RLP) cholesterol in human blood plasma has shown considerable promise as a clinically applicable risk marker for atherosclerotic disease. The lipoproteins included in this assay include not only certain TG-rich lipoproteins [all particles containing apolipoprotein B-48 (apoB-48) and a fraction of those containing apoB-100] but also a very small proportion of plasma cholesterol-rich lipoproteins. The TG-rich lipoprotein component of RLP has been partially characterized, but relatively little is known about the component cholesterol-rich lipoproteins.

Effect of catecholamines, glucose, insulin, and changes of flow on the metabolism of free fatty acids by the myocardium.

Isolated rabbit hearts were perfused with a suspension of red blood cells in a buffer solution containing palmitate-1-C14 complexed to albumin. Arteriovenous differences of radioactivity in free fatty acids (FFA) and CO2 were measured after addition of epinephrine, norepinephrine, glucose and insulin under conditions of constant arterial concentration of FFA and rate of perfusion. Both norepinephrine and epinephrine increased the oxidation of free fatty acids to CO2 (48 and 53 per cent, respectively) but neither altered their extraction by the myocardium.