Bullying victimization and bullying perpetration, social anxiety, and social withdrawal in Portuguese adolescents: A reciprocal association model.

Further research is needed to clarify the association of the different forms of bullying with social anxiety and social withdrawal over time in adolescents. This two-wave panel study with a 1-year time lag (October 2021-October 2022) examined the cross-lagged relationships between bullying victimization and bullying perpetration, social anxiety (i.e.

Latent profiles of emotion regulation among university students: links to repetitive negative thinking, internet addiction, and subjective wellbeing.

Recent years have seen a deterioration in the mental health of university students and notable surge in the need for psychological support. Due to its links to psychopathology and high-risk behaviors, difficulty in emotion regulation frequently serves as a transdiagnostic dimension. This cross-sectional study used a person-centered analytical approach (latent profile analysis; LPA) to identify groups of Portuguese university students with similar profiles of emotion regulation difficulties ( = 261;  = 22.

Female Urethroplasty with a Buccal Mucosa Graft using a Supraurethral Approach.

Introduction And Hypothesis: In the setting of recurrent female urethral stricture, urethroplasty offer the best chance of cure. However, which approach (dorsal or ventral) and which tissue (buccal mucosa, vaginal graft, vaginal flap) remain areas of controversy. In this article and accompanying video, we describe female urethroplasty with a supraurethral approach using a buccal mucosa graft.

Three joint temperament-character configurations account for learning, personality and well-being: normative demographic findings in a representative national population.

Introduction: A common practice in research and clinical practice is to use data considered representative of a target population to compare and understand the personality characteristics of specific groups or specific individuals. To this end, numerous studies have presented normative data for the temperament and character traits outlined in Cloninger's psychobiological model of personality. However, recent genomic evidence demonstrates that human personality is organized as a complex hierarchy that ascends beyond the individual traits to multi-trait profiles that regulate emotional reactivity (temperament profiles) or goals and values (character profiles), and then to three phenotypic networks, which integrate temperament profiles and character profiles, that regulate learning.

Subjective well-being and school engagement before versus during the COVID-19 pandemic: What good are positive emotions?

The present study overcomes the limited empirical evidence on the association between well-being and school engagement in times of adversity by exploiting available data from two large and comparable samples of eighth graders; one obtained prior to the COVID-19 pandemic and the second obtained during the pandemic. Results suggest that adolescents were less engaged with their learning context during the pandemic, as well as lower in positive and negative affect, but slightly more satisfied with life. Through SEM we found a stronger positive association between positive affect and school engagement in the COVID-19 group compared with the pre-COVID-19 group.

Disentangling the personality pathways to well-being.

Recent genomic, psychological, and developmental research shows that human personality is organized as a complex hierarchy that ascends from individual traits in many specific situations to multi-trait profiles in two domains that regulate emotional reactivity (temperament) or goals and values (character), and finally to three integrated temperament-character networks that regulate learning to maintain well-being in changing conditions. We carried out person-centered analyses of the components of subjective well-being (positive affect, negative affect, and life satisfaction) to personality in both adolescents (N = 1739) and adults (N = 897). Personality was considered at each level of its organization (trait, temperament or character profiles, and joint temperament-character networks).

Contemporary Outcomes of Surgery for Primary and Recurrent Genitourinary Fistulae in a Well-resourced Country.

Background: Urinary fistula (UF) is a global health problem but less common in well-resourced countries. Over the past decade there has been a trend toward managing UF in dedicated centres. Most of the evidence for surgical treatment is from individual case series, with few publications that involve high numbers.

The Effectiveness of Post-exercise Stretching in Short-Term and Delayed Recovery of Strength, Range of Motion and Delayed Onset Muscle Soreness: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Post-exercise (i.e., cool-down) stretching is commonly prescribed for improving recovery of strength and range of motion (ROM) and diminishing delayed onset muscular soreness (DOMS) after physical exertion.

The Modified Prone Jack-knife Position for the Excision of Female Urethral Diverticula.

Background: Female urethral diverticula (UD) are an uncommon and often overlooked aetiology in women presenting with lower urinary tract symptoms, urethral pain, and recurrent urinary tract infection. With increasing awareness, appropriate imaging is more commonly undertaken with consideration given to surgical management.

Objective: The video presented demonstrates the technique for excising large and/or complex UD using a modified prone jack-knife position-a position that offers excellent surgical access and allows the surgeon to operate in a more ergonomic position.

Student engagement with school and personality: a biopsychosocial and person-centred approach.

Background: Engagement with school is a key predictor of students' academic outcomes, yet little is known about its association with personality. No research has considered this association using Cloninger's biopsychosocial model of personality. This model may be particularly informative because it posits the structure of human personality corresponds to three systems of human learning and memory that regulate associative conditioning, intentionality, and self-awareness, all of which are relevant for understanding engagement.

Personality Networks and Emotional and Behavioral Problems: Integrating Temperament and Character Using Latent Profile and Latent Class Analyses.

Recent research indicates that adaptive functioning and well-being depends on the integration of three dissociable systems of learning and memory that regulate associative conditioning, intentionality and self-awareness. Our study objective was to describe how different integrated configurations of these systems (i.e.

A Systematic Review of Surgical interventions for the Treatment of Bladder Pain Syndrome/Interstitial Cystitis.

Context: Bladder pain syndrome/interstitial cystitis (BPS/IC) is a poorly understood chronic debilitating condition. Surgery is reserved for severe refractory cases; however, there is no consensus on patient selection or optimal approach.

Objective: To evaluate the evidence relating to the safety and efficacy of surgical interventions for treating BPS/IC.

The Resistance to Change Scale: Assessing Dimensionality and Associations with Personality and Wellbeing in Adolescents.

Resistance to change (RTC) is the tendency to have a negative attitude toward change. It is a relevant construct in adolescence because change can be perceived as a challenge to the formation of an integrated independent identity: the primary developmental task of this period. Currently, there are no validated measures of RTC for adolescents.

Recent advances in surgical management of urinary incontinence.

There have been several recent developments in surgical treatments for male and female incontinence. This article reviews the current options for treatments of urge and stress incontinence in men and women. Treatments for urge incontinence discussed include intradetrusor onabotulinum toxin A, sacral neuromodulation and percutaneous tibial nerve stimulation.

Spatially Consistent High-Resolution Land Surface Temperature Mosaics for Thermophysical Mapping of the Mojave Desert.

Daytime and nighttime thermal infrared observations acquired by the ASTER and MODIS instruments onboard the NASA Terra spacecraft have produced a dataset that can be used to map thermophysical properties across large regions, which have implications on surface processes, thermal environments and habitat suitability for desert species. ASTER scenes acquired between 2004 and 2012 are combined using new mosaicking and data-fusion techniques to produce a map of daytime and nighttime land surface temperature with coverage exclusive of the effects of clouds and weather. These data are combined with Landsat 7 visible imagery to generate a consistent map of apparent thermal inertia (ATI), which is related to the presence of exposed bedrock, rocks, fine-grained sediments and water on the surface.

Therapeutic reactance in adolescents: the psychometrics of the Therapeutic Reactance Scale in adolescents.

Background: The Therapeutic Reactance Scale (TRS) is a classic measure of psychological reactance, yet only two studies have evaluated its factorial structure. Both proposed different multidimensional structures based on exploratory analyses. Not only is the factorial structure of the TRS unclear, but the scale has yet to be validated in adolescents.

Addressing a Need for Valid Measures of Trait Reactance in Adolescents: A Further Test of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale.

Research is scant concerning the developmental aspects of trait reactance. If measures are not validated for use across different age groups, it is difficult for researchers to investigate the specificities of reactance across the life span. So far, the factor structure and psychometric properties of the Hong Psychological Reactance Scale (HPRS) have not been tested in adolescents.

Another Therapeutic Role for Intravesical Botulinum Toxin: Patients with Long-stay Catheters and Refractory Bladder Pain and Catheter Bypass Leakage.

Background: Botulinum neurotoxin (BotN) is used to treat detrusor overactivity (DO) refractory to medical treatment. Catheterised patients with symptoms of bladder spasm and catheter bypass leakage are challenging to manage and the efficacy of BotN is not established.

Objective: To review our experience using intravesical BotN to treat refractory bladder pain and catheter bypass leakage in patients with long-term indwelling catheters.

Penile Paraffinoma.

Penile paraffinoma is a rare cause of penile mass that can occur following injection of liquid paraffin, performed illicitly for penile augmentation. Over the past 2 yr, we have observed an increasing number of cases presenting with the complications of penile paraffinoma; three patients of central European origin have required inpatient treatment at our institution and posed a significant management dilemma. This mini-review aims to review the literature on the aetiopathogenesis, clinical features, diagnosis, and management of penile paraffinoma.

The treatment of complex female urethral pathology.

Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) in women produce significant bother. Common conditions causing LUTS in women include urinary tract infections, overactive bladder, and stress incontinence. Urethral diverticulae and female urethral strictures are rare pathologies.

The Midurethral Fascial "Sling on a String": An Alternative to Midurethral Synthetic Tapes in the Era of Mesh Complications.

Background: Surgery for stress urinary incontinence (SUI) has been dominated recently by synthetic midurethral tapes. Increasing recognition of serious complications associated with nonabsorbable polypropylene mesh has led to resurgence in interest in alternative approaches, such as the autologous fascial sling (AFS). Despite being an efficacious and durable option in women with recurrent and complex SUI, there has been a reluctance to consider AFS in women with primary SUI due to a perception that it is only appropriate for treating patients with intrinsic sphincter deficiency (ISD) and is associated with high rates of urinary retention and de novo storage symptoms.

Contemporary outcomes of hypospadias retrieval surgery in adults.

Objective: To describe the surgical approach and outcomes in the treatment of adult patients with complications of childhood hypospadias surgery, as such patients present a significant reconstructive challenge due to the combination of anatomical and cosmetic deformity, which often results in major functional and psychosexual sequelae.

Patients And Methods: We analysed prospectively collected data on 79 adults with complications of childhood hypospadias surgery, who were operated on between 2004 and 2016. Of the 79 patients, 48 underwent a two-stage urethroplasty using a buccal mucosa graft, and 31 underwent a one-stage distal urethroplasty.

The discrimination of magnitude: A review and theoretical analysis.

In a discrimination based on magnitude, the same stimulus is presented at two different magnitudes and an outcome, such as food, is signalled by one magnitude but not the other. The review presented in the first part of the article shows that, in general, such a discrimination is acquired more readily when the outcome is signalled by the larger rather than the smaller of the two magnitudes. This asymmetry is observed with magnitudes based on sound, odour, temporal duration, quantity, and physical length.

Cultural Value Orientations and Alcohol Consumption in 74 Countries: A Societal-Level Analysis.

A significant proportion of all deaths globally can be attributed to alcohol consumption. Although a range of correlates of alcohol consumption have already been identified at the individual level, less is understood about correlates at the macro level, such as cultural values. As a development in this understanding may prove useful for global health organizations aiming to tackle the problems associated with excessive drinking, our aim was to investigate the association between encultured alcohol consumption and Cultural Value Orientations.