Bioaerosols and Airborne Transmission in the Dental Clinic.

The importance of aerosols (particles suspended in air) produced during dental procedures became more apparent than ever during the COVID-19 pandemic. Concerns over transmission of infection in these aerosols led to unprecedented disruption to dental services across the world, adversely impacting patients' oral health. This article discusses the evidence related to airborne transmission of infectious diseases and the relevance to dentistry.

Delivering smoking cessation interventions in NHS primary dental care - lessons from the ENHANCE-D trial.

Introduction Smoking is a major contributor to health inequalities in the UK. The ENHANCE-D trial is evaluating three smoking cessation interventions (nicotine replacement therapy [NRT], electronic cigarettes [ECs] or 'very brief advice') delivered in NHS primary dental care. This qualitative study aimed to provide insight into the factors that could influence the adoption of the interventions in these settings.

Process evaluation of a pragmatic feasibility trial on smokeless tobacco cessation intervention delivered in dental hospitals.

Background: Article 14 of the WHO 'Framework Convention on Tobacco Control' recommends, that all oral healthcare providers provide support for tobacco cessation, to all patients. Despite evidence on the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions in dental settings, implementation remains low in most high-burden countries like Pakistan. A pragmatic pilot trial of a dentist-delivered behavioural support intervention for smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation, was conducted in dental hospitals in Pakistan.

Behavior Change Intervention for Smokeless Tobacco Cessation Delivered Through Dentists in Dental Settings: A Pragmatic Pilot Trial.

Introduction: Evidence on smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation interventions is scarce. The South Asian (SA) region that shares more than 90% of the burden of ST use is grossly underrepresented in research on ST cessation. This study aimed to assess the feasibility of delivering and investigating a behavioral support intervention for ST cessation in dental settings in Pakistan.

Nicotine pouches: a review for the dental team.

Nicotine pouches are tobacco-free products that are becoming increasingly popular in the UK. They are held between the user's lip and gum to provide a source of nicotine. This article describes the composition of nicotine pouches, the legality surrounding their production and sale, patterns of use and explores possible oral and general health effects of their usage.

Smokeless Tobacco Cessation Support in Dental Hospitals in Pakistan: Dentists and Dental Patients' Perspectives on Current Practices, Support Needed, and Opportunities Available.

Introduction: Despite evidence on the effectiveness of tobacco cessation interventions in dental settings, the implementation remains low, especially for smokeless tobacco (ST). The purpose of this study was to develop an understanding of the influences governing the implementation of ST cessation support in dental hospitals.

Aims And Methods: A multicenter qualitative study was conducted at two tertiary-care dental hospitals, in Pakistan.

Effect of tobacco and nicotine in causing staining of dental hard tissues and dental materials: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Introduction: Dental staining is a common concern for tobacco users. However, little is known about which components of tobacco are responsible for the staining and whether nicotine may be implicated. This is of increasing relevance with the popularity of novel products such as heated-tobacco products and electronic cigarettes (E-cigarettes).

Monkeypox: what do dental professionals need to know?

Infection control is critical for the safe delivery of dental care. Infection control practices must be responsive to emerging and re-emerging infectious diseases and outbreaks, as was clearly seen during the peak of the COVID-19 pandemic. An emerging global outbreak of the monkeypox virus has again raised potential challenges for infection control in dentistry.

Behaviour change intervention for smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation delivered through dentists within a dental setting: a feasibility study protocol.

Objectives/aim: To adapt a structured behavioural support intervention for smokeless tobacco (ST) cessation and to assess the feasibility and acceptability of delivering the intervention via dentists within dental settings in Pakistan.

Material And Methods: The study will have 3 phases: (1) Adapt a previously developed intervention to make it suitable for delivery in a clinical/dental setting through qualitative interviews with dental patients and dentists; (2) A multi-centre, pilot randomised control trial in two teaching dental hospitals in Pakistan. Participants (dental patients) will be randomly assigned to intervention or control group in a 1:1 allocation ratio to receive either a structured behavioural support intervention involving face to face counselling or self-help material plus usual care.

General dental practitioner views on the current and future provision of advanced NHS restorative dentistry services: a cross-sectional survey in England.

Introduction Advanced NHS restorative dentistry services are an important aspect of patient care. Managed clinical networks (MCNs) have been proposed as a future model of care.Aim To assess general dental practitioners' (GDPs') satisfaction with the current provision of advanced NHS restorative dentistry services and assess their views on MCNs.

Oral and periodontal implications of tobacco and nicotine products.

Tobacco use contributes to more mortality and morbidity globally than any other behavioral risk factor. Adverse effects do not spare the oral cavity, with many oral diseases more common, and treatments less successful, in the tobacco-using patient. Many of the oral health effects of cigarette smoking are well established, but other forms of tobacco, including cigars and smokeless tobacco, merit dental professionals' attention.

The effect of high-speed dental handpiece coolant delivery and design on aerosol and droplet production.

Objectives: High-speed dental instruments produce aerosol and droplets. The objective of this study was to evaluate aerosol and droplet production from a novel electric micromotor handpiece (without compressed air coolant) in real world clinical settings.

Methods: 10-minute upper incisor crown preparations were performed in triplicate in an open-plan clinic with mechanical ventilation providing 3.

No benefit of an adjunctive phototherapy protocol in treatment of periodontitis: A split-mouth randomized controlled trial.

Aim: To assess the efficacy of a commercially available adjunctive phototherapy protocol ("Perio-1") in treatment of periodontitis.

Materials And Methods: In an examiner-blind, randomized, controlled, split-mouth, multicentre study, 60 periodontitis patients received root surface debridement (RSD) in sextants either alone (control sextants) or with the adjunctive phototherapy protocol (test sextants). Re-evaluation was performed at 6, 12 and 24 weeks.

Interventions for tobacco cessation delivered by dental professionals.

Background: Dental professionals are well placed to help their patients stop using tobacco products. Large proportions of the population visit the dentist regularly. In addition, the adverse effects of tobacco use on oral health provide a context that dental professionals can use to motivate a quit attempt.

Perceived influences on smoking behaviour and perceptions of dentist-delivered smoking cessation advice: A qualitative interview study.

Objectives: Many factors lead to the commencement and maintenance of smoking, and better understanding of these is relevant in the management of oral health, particularly as smoking cessation advice (SCA) from the dental team is a key component of patient care. Whereas most previous research has focused on dental professionals' perceptions of providing SCA, and identified facilitators and barriers to its provision, there has been more limited research focusing on patients' perceptions of receiving SCA in the dental context. Accordingly, this study aimed to explore the views of smokers with periodontitis receiving dentist-delivered SCA.

Evaluating splatter and settled aerosol during orthodontic debonding: implications for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction Dental procedures produce splatter and aerosol which have potential to spread pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. Mixed evidence exists on the aerosol-generating potential of orthodontic procedures. The aim of this study was to evaluate splatter and/or settled aerosol contamination during orthodontic debonding.

Evaluating contaminated dental aerosol and splatter in an open plan clinic environment: Implications for the COVID-19 pandemic.

Objectives: Identify splatter/aerosol distribution from dental procedures in an open plan clinic and explore aerosol settling time after dental procedures.

Methods: In two experimental designs using simulated dental procedures on a mannequin, fluorescein dye was introduced: (1) into the irrigation system of an air-turbine handpiece; (2) into the mannequin's mouth. Filter papers were placed in an open plan clinic to collect fluorescein.

Exploring the use of mouth guards in Muay Thai: a questionnaire survey.

Objective: To identify Muay Thai participants' attitudes towards use of mouth guards and their experiences of dental trauma.

Materials And Methods: An online cross-sectional survey was used to record Muay Thai participants' experiences and opinions regarding use of mouth guards. Participants were recruited from a Muay Thai gym in the north east of England.

Evaluating aerosol and splatter following dental procedures: Addressing new challenges for oral health care and rehabilitation.

Background: Dental procedures often produce aerosol and splatter which have the potential to transmit pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. The existing literature is limited.

Objective(s): To develop a robust, reliable and valid methodology to evaluate distribution and persistence of dental aerosol and splatter, including the evaluation of clinical procedures.

The first six weeks - setting up a UK urgent dental care centre during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Introduction The COVID-19 pandemic has posed many challenges, including provision of urgent dental care. This paper presents a prospective service evaluation during establishment of urgent dental care in the North East of England over a six-week period.Aim To monitor patient volumes, demographics and outcomes at the North East urgent dental care centre and confirm appropriate care pathways.

A feasibility study with embedded pilot randomised controlled trial and process evaluation of electronic cigarettes for smoking cessation in patients with periodontitis.

Background: Tobacco smoking is a major risk factor for several oral diseases, including periodontitis, and electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) are increasingly being used for smoking cessation. This study aimed to assess the viability of delivering and evaluating an e-cigarette intervention for smoking cessation within the dental setting, prior to a definitive study.

Methods: A feasibility study, comprising a pilot randomised controlled trial and qualitative process evaluation, was conducted over 22 months in the Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Dental Clinical Research Facility, UK.

Effect of nicotine on human gingival, periodontal ligament and oral epithelial cells. A systematic review of the literature.

Objectives: A systematic review was conducted to evaluate the in vitro effects of nicotine on human gingival, periodontal ligament and oral epithelial cells, specifically: cell viability, cell attachment, cell proliferation and inflammatory mediator production.

Materials And Methods: This report followed the PRISMA statement. Two reviewers performed a literature search up to October 2018 in 3 databases: MEDLINE, EMBASE and Web of Science, supplemented by manual searching.