Exploration of Preliminary Objective Triage by Menopause Score and CA 125 Result Prior to Accelerating Fast-Track Booking for Suspected Ovarian Cancer-A Role for the Pathway Navigator?

The 28-days-to-diagnosis pathway is the current expected standard of care for women with symptoms of ovarian cancer in the UK. However, the anticipated conversion rate of symptoms to cancer is only 3%, and use of the pathway is increasing. A rapid triage at the moment of receipt of the referral might allow resources to be allocated more appropriately.

Evidence of Stage Shift in Women Diagnosed With Ovarian Cancer During Phase II of the United Kingdom Familial Ovarian Cancer Screening Study.

Purpose To establish the performance of screening with serum cancer antigen 125 (CA-125), interpreted using the risk of ovarian cancer algorithm (ROCA), and transvaginal sonography (TVS) for women at high risk of ovarian cancer (OC) or fallopian tube cancer (FTC). Patients and Methods Women whose estimated lifetime risk of OC/FTC was ≥ 10% were recruited at 42 centers in the United Kingdom and underwent ROCA screening every 4 months. TVS occurred annually if ROCA results were normal or within 2 months of an abnormal ROCA result.

Role of DNA methylation and epigenetic silencing of HAND2 in endometrial cancer development.

Background: Endometrial cancer incidence is continuing to rise in the wake of the current ageing and obesity epidemics. Much of the risk for endometrial cancer development is influenced by the environment and lifestyle. Accumulating evidence suggests that the epigenome serves as the interface between the genome and the environment and that hypermethylation of stem cell polycomb group target genes is an epigenetic hallmark of cancer.

GALR1 methylation in vaginal swabs is highly accurate in identifying women with endometrial cancer.

Endometrial cancer has become the most common gynecological cancer in developed countries. Postmenopausal bleeding is indicative of the disease in only 1 of 10 women with this symptom. A noninvasive tool to identify women with cancer would be highly desirable.

Results of annual screening in phase I of the United Kingdom familial ovarian cancer screening study highlight the need for strict adherence to screening schedule.

Purpose: To establish the performance characteristics of annual transvaginal ultrasound and serum CA125 screening for women at high risk of ovarian/fallopian tube cancer (OC/FTC) and to investigate the impact of delayed screening interval and surgical intervention.

Patients And Methods: Between May 6, 2002, and January 5, 2008, 3,563 women at an estimated ≥ 10% lifetime risk of OC/FTC were recruited and screened by 37 centers in the United Kingdom. Participants were observed prospectively by centers, questionnaire, and national cancer registries.

Clinical outcomes and patterns of severe late toxicity in the era of chemo-radiation for cervical cancer.

Background: We present a comprehensive analysis of both therapy-induced severe late toxicity and outcome in a cohort of cervical cancer patients following radiation who were treated according to current guidelines and discuss the methodologic problems of systematically reporting these cases. We introduce a revised concept of reporting treatment failure.

Patients And Methods: The records of 128 cervical cancer patients who received radiation from 2003 to 2008 were reviewed.

Total vaginal necrosis: a representative example of underreporting severe late toxic reaction after concomitant chemoradiation for cervical cancer.

Introduction: There is paucity of information regarding a late toxic reaction after chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer. We discuss this problem with special consideration to total vaginal necrosis (TVN), an underreported severe late complication of chemoradiation.

Methods: The records of 98 cervical cancer patients who received chemoradiation at the Department of Oncology of the University College London Hospital between January 2004 and May 2008 were reviewed.

DNA methylation analysis in liquid-based cytology for cervical cancer screening.

Cervical cancer is the second most common type of cancer in women worldwide. Preinvasive disease can be detected by cervical cytology. All currently available cytology technologies rely on the visual analysis of exfoliated cells from the uterine cervix.