Ultrasound and magnetic resonance imaging-based investigation of the role of perfusion and oxygen availability in menstrual pain.

Background: The mechanisms responsible for menstrual pain are poorly understood. However, dynamic, noninvasive pelvic imaging of menstrual pain sufferers could aid in identifying therapeutic targets and testing novel treatments.

Objective: To study the mechanisms responsible for menstrual pain, we analyzed ultrasonographic and complementary functional magnetic resonance imaging parameters in dysmenorrhea sufferers and pain-free controls under multiple conditions.

Association of Progestogens and Venous Thromboembolism Among Women of Reproductive Age.

Objective: To evaluate associations between use of seven progestogens and incident acute venous thromboembolism (VTE) among women of reproductive age.

Methods: This nested matched case-control study identified women aged 15-49 years from January 1, 2010, through October 8, 2018, in the IBM MarketScan databases, a nationwide sample of private insurance claims in the United States. After exclusions, 21,405 women with incident acute VTE (case group), identified by diagnosis codes, were matched 1:5 by year of birth and index date through risk set sampling to 107,025 women without prior VTE (control group).