Fetal and maternal leptin in pre-gestational diabetic pregnancy.

Objective: To compare maternal and fetal leptin among women without diabetes, women with type 1 diabetes, and women with type 2 diabetes.

Methods: In a prospective study at the National Maternity Hospital, Dublin, 40 women with type 1 diabetes, 10 with type 2 diabetes, and 30 without diabetes were enrolled between July 2006 and July 2008. Maternal (36-week) and cord blood leptin was measured by enzyme-linked immunoassay.

Caesarean section and macrosomia increase transient tachypnoea of the newborn in type 1 diabetes pregnancies.

We determined whether transient tachypnoea of the newborn (TTN) is more common in macrosomic versus normal weight infants and in those delivered by caesarean section versus vaginally, in a retrospective cohort analysis of 212 type 1 diabetes pregnancies. Caesarean section and macrosomia were both associated with higher TTN rates.

Teenage pregnancy in type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Younger maternal age at delivery has been linked to adverse reproductive outcomes. Pregnancy complicated by type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is also associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes. Optimising diabetic glycaemic control prior to pregnancy is known to reduce the rate of congenital abnormalities and improve pregnancy outcomes.

Effect of pregestational diabetes mellitus on fetal cardiac function and structure.

Objective: Fetuses of diabetic pregnancy experience cardiomyopathy, the intracardiac cause of which is understood poorly. The aim of this study was to assess the interrelation between cardiac functional and structural changes in fetuses of mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus.

Study Design: Twenty-six mothers with pregestational diabetes mellitus were recruited prospectively to have a fetal echocardiogram at 13, 20, and 36 weeks of gestation to assess cardiac function and structure.