Peripheral PRP in the Operating Room vs Standard Clinic PRP for the Initial Treatment of PDR.

To compare the long-term outcomes of standard panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) performed in the operating room (OR) with peripheral PRP performed in the clinic in treatment-naïve patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). Consecutive cases from 2017 to 2022 were retrospectively reviewed. Exclusion criteria included previous PRP, pars plana vitrectomy performed at the time of the initial PRP, PRP performed in another setting within 3 months of the initial treatment, a documented plan for future PRP at the time of the initial treatment, and less than 3 years of follow-up.

Scleral Fixated Secondary IOLs: An Outcomes Comparison Between the Yamane and Gore-Tex-Sutured Techniques.

Background And Objective: Among secondary intraocular lens (IOL) techniques, scleral fixated IOLs (SFIOLs) offer advantages in cases without capsular support. In this article, we compare outcomes between two types of Gore-Tex scleral sutured IOLs with the Yamane technique.

Patients And Methods: This study was a retrospective chart review of patients who underwent SFIOL implantation.

Transthyretin proteoforms of intraocular origin in human subretinal fluid.

Understanding the molecular composition of ocular tissues and fluids could inform new approaches to prevalent causes of blindness. Subretinal fluid accumulating between the photoreceptor outer segments and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is potentially a rich source of proteins and lipids normally cycling among outer retinal cells and choroid. Herein, intact post-translationally modified proteins (proteoforms) were extracted from subretinal fluids of five patients with rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD), analyzed by tandem mass spectrometry, and compared to published data on these same proteins as synthesized by other organs.

Long-term visual outcomes of endophthalmitis and the role of systemic steroids in addition to intravitreal dexamethasone.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the role of systemic steroids in post-procedural endophthalmitis as the role of intravitreal steroids in treatment algorithms of endophthalmitis remain controversial.

Methods: This is a retrospective analysis from a single tertiary referral center of all patients older than 18 years old that developed presumed post-procedure endophthalmitis and were treated at our center from 2009 to 2018.

Results: Eighty-three patients were followed after being treated for post-procedural endophthalmitis that either received systemic steroids or did not around the time of diagnosis.

CLINICOPATHOLOGIC CORRELATION OF GEOGRAPHIC ATROPHY SECONDARY TO AGE-RELATED MACULAR DEGENERATION.

Purpose: In an eye with geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration, we correlated ex vivo histologic features with findings recorded in vivo using optical coherence tomography (OCT), near-infrared reflectance imaging, and fundus autofluorescence.

Methods: In the left eye of an 86-year-old white woman, in vivo near-infrared reflectance and eye-tracked OCT B-scans at each of 6 clinic visits and a baseline fundus autofluorescence image were correlated with high-resolution histologic images of the preserved donor eye.

Results: Clinical imaging showed a small parafoveal multilobular area of GA, subfoveal soft drusen, refractile drusen, hyperreflective lines near the Bruch membrane, subretinal drusenoid deposit (reticular pseudodrusen), and absence of hyperautofluorescent foci at the GA margin.

Clinicopathologic Correlation of Anti-Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor-Treated Type 3 Neovascularization in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

Purpose: To correlate histologic results with previously recorded multimodal imaging results from a patient with type 3 neovascularization secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD).

Design: Case study, clinical imaging, laboratory imaging, and eye-tracked clinicopathologic correlation.

Participant: An 86-year-old white woman with type 3 neovascularization secondary to AMD treated with 6 intravitreal injections of bevacizumab.

Shingles as the underlying cause of orbital myositis in an adolescent: A case report.

Purpose: Orbital myositis is characterized by pain with eye movements, gaze restriction, diplopia, and enlargement of extraocular muscles on imaging. Varicella zoster virus (VZV) is an extremely rare cause of the disease in the elderly and has never been reported in a patient younger than forty-five years old such as the adolescent described herein. We present this case to raise awareness of an entity that will likely become more prevalent due to current vaccine strategies.

VITREORETINAL SURGICAL OUTCOMES PERFORMED BY SUPERVISED RETINAL FELLOWS VERSUS ATTENDING FACULTY SURGEONS.

Purpose: To evaluate common vitreoretinal surgeries performed by retinal fellows under direct faculty supervision, compared with experienced faculty members.

Methods: Retrospective study analyzing 592 consecutive eyes undergoing retinal surgery from 2009 to 2011 at Retina Consultants of Alabama/University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Ophthalmology. Vitreoretinal surgeries included macular hole, macular pucker, retinal detachment, diabetic vitreous hemorrhage, and diabetic tractional retinal detachment.

Ocular neovascularization in eyes with a central retinal artery occlusion or a branch retinal artery occlusion.

Purpose: To investigate the ocular neovascularization (ONV) rate in eyes with a branch retinal artery occlusion (BRAO) or a central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO), and to study factors that may influence the ONV rate secondary to CRAO.

Methods: This was a retrospective case series of consecutive patients (286 total eyes: 83 CRAOs and 203 BRAOs) who were diagnosed with a retinal artery occlusion from 1998 to 2013 at the Retina Consultants of Alabama and University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA. Generalized estimating equations were used to evaluate the association between hypothesized risk factors and ONV development.

Nonsupine positioning is preferred by patients over face-down positioning and provides an equivalent closure rate in 25- and 23-gauge macular hole surgery.

Purpose: Strict face-down positioning after macular hole surgery is very difficult for most patients. Our study seeks to determine if alleviated positioning (avoidance of supine positioning) has equivalent successful closure rates when compared with face-down positioning. A patient survey was also performed to determine patient preference.

Evaluation of proliferating cell abundance and phenotypes in proliferative diabetic retinopathy.

Background: The aim of this work is to evaluate the abundance, origins, and phenotypes of actively proliferating cells in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).

Methods: Eleven epiretinal membranes from patients undergoing surgery for PDR were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence for evidence of cell proliferation using the nuclear cell proliferation marker Ki67 and for cell identities using glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), glutamine synthetase, and α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA).

Results: Ki67 positivity was consistently rare in PDR epiretinal membranes at 3.

Safety, efficacy, and quality of life following sutureless vitrectomy for symptomatic vitreous floaters.

Purpose: To determine the safety, efficacy, and quality of life improvement following sutureless 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy for symptomatic floaters.

Methods: Patients with symptomatic vitreous floaters who underwent sutureless vitrectomy between January 2008 and January 2011 were included. Data were collected regarding baseline preoperative characteristics, postoperative outcomes, complications, and a nine-item quality-of-life survey completed by each patient.

Myofibroblast and extracellular matrix origins in proliferative vitreoretinopathy.

Background: To evaluate origins of the fibrocontractive cell populations and their relation to collagens I and II in proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR).

Methods: Human PVR membranes were evaluated by indirect immunofluorescence for GFAP, cytokeratin-18 (CK-18), α-smooth muscle actin (αSMA), collagens I and II. Collagen expression by porcine Müller and retinal pigment epithelial cells (RPE) was evaluated using RT-PCR of RNA harvested from freshly isolated primary and proliferating cultures.

Examining the association between age-related macular degeneration and motor vehicle collision involvement: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: Little is known about motor vehicle collision (MVC) risk in older drivers with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). The purpose of this study is to examine associations between MVC involvement and AMD presence and severity.

Methods: In a retrospective cohort study pooling the samples from four previous studies, we examined associations between MVC rate and older drivers with early, intermediate or advanced AMD as compared with those in normal eye health.

Association between retinal thickness measured by spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) and rod-mediated dark adaptation in non-exudative age-related maculopathy.

Aim: To examine associations between retinal thickness and rod-mediated dark adaptation in older adults with non-exudative age-related maculopathy (ARM) or normal macular health.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with 74 adults ≥ 50 years old from the comprehensive ophthalmology and retina services of an academic eye centre. ARM presence and disease severity in the enrolment eye was defined by the masked grading of stereofundus photos using the Clinical Age-Related Maculopathy grading system.

Incidence of hemorrhagic complications after intravitreal bevacizumab (avastin) or ranibizumab (lucentis) injections on systemically anticoagulated patients.

Purpose: To assess the risk of hemorrhagic complications when performing intravitreal injections on systemically anticoagulated patients.

Methods: A single-center retrospective case series of 520 consecutive patients (675 eyes) receiving 3,106 antivascular endothelial growth factor injections. Patients on the systemic anticoagulants Coumadin (warfarin sodium) or Plavix (clopidogrel bisulfate) were identified, as well as patients on aspirin.

Comparison of hemorrhagic complications of warfarin and clopidogrel bisulfate in 25-gauge vitrectomy versus a control group.

Purpose: To estimate the risk of hemorrhagic complications associated with 25-gauge pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) when warfarin (Coumadin; Bristol-Myers Squibb, New York, NY) or clopidogrel (Plavix; Bristol-Myers Squibb) are continued throughout the surgical period, as compared with a control group.

Design: A single-center, retrospective, cohort study of 289 consecutive patients receiving either warfarin therapy or clopidogrel therapy or neither of those therapies who underwent 25-gauge PPV.

Participants: Included were 61 patients (64 eyes; 64 PPV procedures) in the warfarin group and 118 (125 eyes; 136 PPV procedures) in the clopidogrel group.

Risk factors for severe vision loss immediately after transpupillary thermotherapy for occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.

Background And Objective: To determine risk factors for immediate severe vision loss in patients with age-related macular degeneration after transpupillary thermotherapy for occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization.

Patients And Methods: Retrospective review of 84 consecutive patients with age-related macular degeneration who received transpupillary thermotherapy for occult subfoveal choroidal neovascularization. Seven cases had severe vision loss and 77 were controls.

Incidence of acute onset endophthalmitis following intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) injection.

Purpose: To report the incidence of acute endophthalmitis as a complication of intravitreal bevacizumab (Avastin) (IVB) injection in a tertiary vitreoretinal group practice.

Methods: A retrospective chart review of 5,233 consecutive eyes that underwent IVB injection at Retina Consultants of Alabama (RCA) from October 1, 2005, to August 31, 2007, was performed to identify cases of acute endophthalmitis.

Results: During the 23-month study interval, the overall incidence rate of postinjection endophthalmitis was 0.

Preemptive sub-Tenon's anesthesia for pars plana vitrectomy under general anesthesia: is it effective?

Background And Objectives: To determine whether irrigation of the sub-Tenon's space with anesthetic agents during pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) involving general anesthesia decreases postoperative pain, analgesic use, or nausea.

Patients And Methods: A prospective, controlled trial of 46 consecutive patients requesting general anesthesia for PPV who were randomized to receive or not receive a sub-Tenon's space injection prior to surgery. A mixture of 3 mL of 2% lidocaine with hyaluronidase and 3 mL of 0.

Eccentric macular holes after vitrectomy with peeling of epimacular proliferation.

Purpose: To describe six patients (six eyes) who developed an eccentric macular hole after surgery for idiopathic epimacular proliferation.

Methods: In a retrospective review of 631 consecutive patients who underwent vitrectomy with peeling of the epimacular proliferation and in most cases the internal limiting membrane (ILM) from May 2001 to May 2005, 6 patients were found to have developed an eccentric macular hole postoperatively.

Results: Eccentric macular holes developed 9 days to 8 months (mean, 3.