Spatial mapping shows that some African elephants use cognitive maps to navigate the core but not the periphery of their home ranges.

Strategies of navigation have been shown to play a critical role when animals revisit resource sites across large home ranges. The habitual route system appears to be a sufficient strategy for animals to navigate while avoiding the cognitive cost of traveling using the Euclidean map. We hypothesize that wild elephants travel more frequently using habitual routes to revisit resource sites as opposed to using the Euclidean map.

Relationships between intrauterine infusion of N-acetylcysteine, equine endometrial pathology, neutrophil function, post-breeding therapy, and reproductive performance.

Persistent endometritis in the mare is associated with hypersecretion of mucus by endometrial epithelium and migration of neutrophils into the uterine lumen. This study examines the relationships between N-acetylcysteine (NAC), a mucolytic agent with anti-inflammatory properties, and endometrial architecture, serum neutrophil function, post-breeding therapy, and reproductive performance of NAC-treated mares in a clinical setting. In study 1, endometrial biopsies from mares receiving intrauterine saline (fertile-control, n = 6) or 3.

Ameloblastic fibro-odontoma associated with a retained molar in an Oldenburg mare.

An 11-year-old Oldenburg mare presented with a 3-month history of weight loss and swelling of the posterior right mandible. Physical examination and radiographs showed a soft-tissue mass in the right mandible with foci of mineralization, periosteal proliferation, and a retained molar. The tumor increased in size over several weeks, and the mare was euthanized.

Cytochemical and biochemical evidences for a complex tridimensional structure of the hamster zona pellucida.

Zona pellucida (ZP) is an extracellular matrix that surrounds eggs and pre-implantation embryos and is required for in vivo fertility. A key event in successful fertilization is sperm binding to the surface of the ZP. It has been previously described that the hamster sperm binds mainly the outer region of the ZP which corresponds to the porous region in contact with the cumulus cells.