Effects of Acute Hypocapnia on Postural Standing Balance Measured by Sharpened Romberg Testing (SRT) in Healthy Subjects.

Introduction: The sharpened Romberg test (SRT) is a physical maneuver that has been used to identify ataxia in individuals in resource-limited settings. Previous research has suggested that performance on balance testing may be affected by hypocapnia. In this study, we sought to determine whether acute hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia affects performance on the SRT at 501 meters above sea level.

Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG Orchestrates an Antitumor Immune Response.

Background & Aims: In colorectal cancer, approximately 95% of patients are refractory to immunotherapy because of low antitumor immune responses. Therefore, there is an exigent need to develop treatments that increase antitumor immune responses and decrease tumor burden to enhance immunotherapy.

Methods: The gut microbiome has been described as a master modulator of immune responses.

Gut-Resident Lactobacilli Activate Hepatic Nrf2 and Protect Against Oxidative Liver Injury.

Many studies have suggested a role for gut-resident microbes (the "gut microbiome") in modulating host health; however, the mechanisms by which they impact systemic physiology remain largely unknown. In this study, metabolomic and transcriptional profiling of germ-free and conventionalized mouse liver revealed an upregulation of the Nrf2 antioxidant and xenobiotic response in microbiome-replete animals. Using a Drosophila-based screening assay, we identified members of the genus Lactobacillus capable of stimulating Nrf2.