Reinforcement of simulated immature roots restored with composite resin, mineral trioxide aggregate, gutta-percha, or a fiber post after thermocycling.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the fracture resistance after thermocycling of simulated immature teeth restored with composite, a fiber post, mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), or gutta-percha.

Methods: Eighty-four primary bovine mandibular incisors were divided into 7 groups (n = 12). Negative controls received no treatment.

Comparison of debris removal with three different irrigation techniques.

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of debris removal between EndoVac, PiezoFlow, or needle irrigation (Max-i-Probe) in mandibular molars.

Methods: The mesial roots of 30 extracted mandibular molars were mounted in resin by using the K-Kube and then sectioned at 2 and 4 mm from the apex. The specimens were reassembled and instrumented to size 40/0.

The effects of dentin debris on the cyclic fatigue resistance of several nickel titanium rotary systems.

Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the effects of impacted dentin debris on the cyclic fatigue resistance of a traditional ground file, an electropolished file, and a thermally treated twisted file.

Study Design: One hundred thirty-five files were rotated against bovine dentin or a highly polished surface at the manufacturers' recommended rotation speed with a continuous 5-mm axial movement of 1 cycle per second. The files were equally divided into 3 groups: group 1, contacting dentin for 500 cycles and then metal to failure; group 2, contacting metal only to failure; group 3, contacting dentin only to failure.

In vitro comparisons of debris removal of the EndoActivator system, the F file, ultrasonic irrigation, and NaOCl irrigation alone after hand-rotary instrumentation in human mandibular molars.

Introduction: The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare the debris removal efficacy of the EndoActivator system, the F file, ultrasonic irrigation, or 6% NaOCl irrigation alone in human mandibular molars after hand-rotary instrumentation.

Methods: A custom brass cube (K-Kube) was used to create a sealed canal system, allowing each tooth to serve as its own control. Forty extracted mandibular molars were randomly divided into 4 equal experimental groups.

Comparison of nonsurgical root canal treatment and single-tooth implants.

Introduction: The aim of this review was to compare the differences between nonsurgical root canal treatment and single-tooth implants. With the emerging field of implant dentistry gaining acceptance, the choice to retain a diseased tooth through the use of root canal therapy or extract it and replace the tooth with an implant-supported crown has become controversial. Many practitioners consider the single-tooth implant as a reasonable alternative to the preservation of a diseased tooth.

pH changes in external root surface cavities after calcium hydroxide is placed at 1, 3 and 5 mm short of the radiographic apex.

The purpose of this study was to test the null hypothesis that there is no difference in the pH on the external apical dentin surface when the canal is completely filled with calcium hydroxide or when it is placed 3 or 5 mm short of the apical foramen in extracted human teeth. The root canals of single-rooted anterior human teeth were cleaned and shaped after decoronation. Cavities about 0.

Cyclic fatigue resistance of two variable-taper rotary file systems: ProTaper universal and V-Taper.

The cyclic fatigue resistance of ProTaper Universal (Dentsply Tulsa Dental Specialties, Tulsa, OK) and V-Taper (Guidance Endo, Albuquerque, NM) files was measured while rotating files around a 5-mm radius curve with 90 degrees of maximum flexure. The files were rotated at 250 rpm with a continuous axial oscillation of 4 mm at 1 Hz. The number of cycles to failure was calculated and analyzed by using univariate analysis of variance and the Tukey HSD posthoc test with results confirmed by nonparametric Kruskal-Wallis and Mann-Whitney U tests with a Bonferroni correction.

Cyclic fatigue of EndoSequence and K3 rotary files in a dynamic model.

The cyclic fatigue resistance of K3 and EndoSequence files was compared by rotating files against a highly polished surface inclined at 15 degrees to the horizontal. For each brand, files with a 25 tip in .04 and .

Effects of pH and mixing agents on the temporal setting of tooth-colored and gray mineral trioxide aggregate.

The purpose of this study was to test the compressive strength of white mineral trioxide aggregate (WMTA) and gray mineral trioxide aggregate (GMTA) when mixed with sterile water or local anesthetic and exposed to an acidic environment. A total of 248 samples of WMTA and GMTA were mixed and placed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS), at pH 5.0 or 7.

The anti-microbial effect against enterococcus faecalis and the compressive strength of two types of mineral trioxide aggregate mixed with sterile water or 2% chlorhexidine liquid.

The purpose of this in vitro study was 2-fold: First, to compare the antimicrobial effect of gray and tooth-colored mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) when mixed with sterile water or 2% chlorhexidine. Second, to compare the compressive strengths of the MTA/chlorhexidine versus MTA/sterile water samples. The antimicrobial effect test was accomplished by placing freshly mixed MTA samples on agar plates inoculated with Enterococcus faecalis and comparing the zones of inhibition at 24 hours.