Risk of intracranial hemorrhage with direct oral anticoagulants vs low molecular weight heparin in glioblastoma: A retrospective cohort study.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is associated with a high incidence of venous thromboembolism (VTE), but there are little data to guide anticoagulation in patients with GBM, in whom the risks of VTE must be balanced against the risk of intracranial hemorrhage (ICH).

Methods: We performed a single-institution retrospective cohort study of patients with GBM diagnosed with VTE from 2014 to 2021 who were treated with low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) or a direct oral anticoagulant (DOAC). The incidence of ICH was compared between the LMWH and DOAC groups.

A Chemical Strategy toward Novel Brain-Penetrant EZH2 Inhibitors.

Aberrant gene-silencing through dysregulation of polycomb protein activity has emerged as an important oncogenic mechanism in cancer, implicating polycomb proteins as important therapeutic targets. Recently, an inhibitor targeting EZH2, the methyltransferase component of PRC2, received U.S.

Epigenomic Reprogramming as a Driver of Malignant Glioma.

Malignant gliomas are central nervous system tumors and remain among the most treatment-resistant cancers. Exome sequencing has revealed significant heterogeneity and important insights into the molecular pathogenesis of gliomas. Mutations in chromatin modifiers-proteins that shape the epigenomic landscape through remodeling and regulation of post-translational modifications on chromatin-are very frequent and often define specific glioma subtypes.

Target identification reveals lanosterol synthase as a vulnerability in glioma.

Diffuse intrinsic pontine glioma (DIPG) remains an incurable childhood brain tumor for which novel therapeutic approaches are desperately needed. Previous studies have shown that the menin inhibitor MI-2 exhibits promising activity in preclinical DIPG and adult glioma models, although the mechanism underlying this activity is unknown. Here, using an integrated approach, we show that MI-2 exerts its antitumor activity in glioma largely independent of its ability to target menin.

Fatal adenovirus encephalomyeloradiculitis in an umbilical cord stem cell transplant recipient.

Adenovirus infections frequently complicate allogeneic stem cell transplants but nervous system involvement, usually presenting as encephalitis, is atypical. Progression from encephalitis to myeloradiculitis has not been described previously. We present a unique case of fatal adenoviral encephalomyeloradiculitis with imaging and pathologic correlates.

HIV-2 encephalitis: case report and literature review.

We report the case of a 59-year-old man who moved from Cape Verde to Massachusetts at the age of 29. He had multiple sexual contacts with female partners in Cape Verde and with West African women in Massachusetts, as well as multiple past indeterminate HIV-1 antibody tests. He presented to our facility with 2-3 months of inappropriate behaviors, memory impairment, weight loss, and night sweats, at which time he was found to have an abnormal enhancing lesion of the corpus collosum on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

Homeostatic proliferation of lymphocytes results in augmented memory-like function and accelerated allograft rejection.

Homeostatic proliferation is a normal physiological process triggered by lymphopenia to maintain a constant level of T cells. It becomes the predominant source of new T cells in adulthood after thymus regression. T cells that have undergone homeostatic proliferation acquire the memory phenotype, cause autoimmune disease, and are resistant to tolerance induction protocols.

Treatment of bioprosthetic heart valve tissue with long chain alcohol solution to lower calcification potential.

The use of glutaraldehyde-treated biological tissue in heart valve substitutes is an important option in the treatment of heart valve disease. These devices have limited durability, in part, because of tissue calcification and subsequent tearing of the valve leaflets. Components thought to induce calcification include lipids, cell remnants, and residual glutaraldehyde.