A novel bioengineered fragment peptide of Vasostatin-1 exerts smooth muscle pharmacological activities and anti-angiogenic effects via blocking VEGFR signalling pathway.

Chromogranin A (CgA) is a hydrophilic glycoprotein released by post-ganglionic sympathetic neurons. CgA consists of a single peptide chain containing numerous paired basic residues, which are typical cleavage sites in prohormones to generate bioactive peptides. It is recognized as a diagnostic and prognostic serum marker for neuroendocrine tumours.

Amelioration of ulcerative colitis inflammatory regulation by macrophage-biomimetic nanomedicine.

Ulcerative colitis (UC) is featured with relapsing inflammation in the colon, where macrophages are recruited and polarized locally into M1 type to drive further inflammation. Pharmacotherapy of UC has exhibited limited efficacy, mostly due to the poor specificity. A macrophage-biomimetic nanomedicine was developed for targeted treatment of UC, which was derived from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-sensitive β-cyclodextrin, loaded with rosiglitazone, and coated with macrophage membrane.

SIRT3 protects hepatocytes from oxidative injury by enhancing ROS scavenging and mitochondrial integrity.

Evidences of oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction have been recognized in most of clinical and experimental liver diseases. SIRT3, a member of NAD-dependent deacetylases, is mainly localized in mitochondria. So far, the role of SIRT3 in protecting hepatocytes against oxidative stress remains elusive.

[Operational models of allosteric modulation of G protein-coupled receptors].

Since the Monod-Wyman-Changeux (MWC) model was initially proposed to explain the allosteric interactions between proteins and their ligands 50 years ago, there have been various models and hypotheses such as the induced-fit model on the interaction. These theoretical developments have been used broadly in the study of allosteric modulations of enzymes and receptors. In 1980, Lefkowitz and coworkers proposed a ternary complex model (TCM) for the regulatory mechanism of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that laid the theoretical foundation in the study of allosteric sites and ligands of GPCRs, the largest family of known receptors.