Cyclic and Load-to-Failure Properties of All-Suture Anchors in Human Cadaveric Shoulder Greater Tuberosities.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the cyclic displacement, stiffness, and ultimate load to failure of 3 all-suture anchors in human cadaveric greater tuberosities.

Methods: Three all-suture anchors indicated for rotator cuff repair were tested in 14 matched pairs of human cadaver fresh-frozen humeri. Anchors were inserted at 3 locations from anterior to posterior along the greater tuberosity and placed 5 mm from the articular margin.

Use of an instrumented dual-task timed up and go test in children with traumatic brain injury.

Background: Wearable sensors have allowed researchers to instrument tests of gait-related mobility, including the widely used timed 'up-and-go' test (TUG). Currently, there is a lack of instrumented test data on whether children with moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) perform differently on the TUG compared to typically developed (TD) controls during a cognitive-motor task.

Research Question: The aim was to explore the effects of a cognitive-motor task on TUG subcomponents among children with TBI compared to TD children.

Evaluation of the Clavicle Hook Plate for Treatment of Acromioclavicular Joint Dislocation: A Cadaveric Study.

Objectives: To describe surgical technique for proper placement of the clavicle hook plate, determine whether there is subacromial impingement caused by hook plate fixation, and evaluate the mechanical strength of the clavicle hook plate construct.

Methods: Eight fresh-frozen cadaveric shoulders with a mean age of 48 years (range, 37-69) were used. Open reduction and internal fixation of simulated Rockwood type V AC joint dislocation was performed with the clavicle hook plate.

Cyclic and Load-to-Failure Properties of All-Suture Anchors in Human Cadaveric Shoulder Glenoid Bone.

Purpose: To evaluate the cyclic displacement and ultimate load to failure of 4 all-suture anchors in human cadaveric shoulder glenoid bone.

Methods: Four all-suture anchors indicated for glenoid labral repair were tested in 14 matched pairs of human cadaveric fresh-frozen glenoids. Anchors were inserted at 4 different locations for a total of 112 tests (12-, 3-, 6-, and 9-o'clock positions for right glenoids).

Greater Tuberosity Decortication Decreases Load to Failure of All-Suture Anchor Constructs in Rotator Cuff Repair.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of greater tuberosity decortication on ultimate load to failure and displacement after cyclic loading with an all-suture anchor.

Methods: A 2.9-mm all-suture anchor was evaluated in decorticated and nondecorticated greater tuberosities of 10 matched pairs of human cadaveric shoulders.

Reliability of the sub-components of the instrumented timed up and go test in ambulatory children with traumatic brain injury and typically developed controls.

Background: Studies have evaluated the test-re-test reliability of subcomponents of the timed up and-go test in adults by using body-worn inertial sensors. However, studies in children have not been reported in the literature.

Research Question: To evaluate the within-session reliability of subcomponents of a newly developed electronically augmented timed 'upand-go' test (EATUG) in ambulatory children with traumatic brain injury (TBI) and children with typical development (TD).

Slight Reduction in the Insertion Depth for an All-Suture Anchor Decreases Cyclic Displacement in the Shoulder Glenoid.

Purpose: To determine if the depth of anchor insertion affects the biomechanical performance of a 1.5-mm all-suture anchor in glenoid bone.

Methods: A 1.

Transtibial Versus Anteromedial Portal ACL Reconstruction: Is a Hybrid Approach the Best?

Background: Improved biomechanical and clinical outcomes are seen when the femoral tunnels of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are placed in the center of the femoral insertion. The transtibial (TT) technique has been shown to be less capable of this than an anteromedial (AM) portal approach but is more familiar to surgeons and less technically challenging. A hybrid transtibial (HTT) technique using medial portal guidance of a transtibial guide wire without knee hyperflexion may offer anatomic tunnel placement while maintaining the relative ease of a TT technique.

Proximity of the Triangular Fibrocartilage Complex to Key Surrounding Structures and Safety Assessment of an Arthroscopic Repair Technique: A Cadaveric Study.

Purpose: To quantify the distance of the dorsal ulnar sensory branch, floor of the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU) subsheath, and ulnar neurovascular bundles from the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC), and secondarily to assess the safety of an all-inside arthroscopic repair of the TFCC with a commonly used meniscal repair device with respect to the aforementioned structures.

Methods: A custom K-wire with 1-mm gradation was used to determine the distance of at-risk structures from the periphery of the TFCC in 13 above-elbow human cadaver specimens. An all-inside repair of the TFCC at the location of a Palmer 1B tear was then performed using a commonly employed meniscal repair device.

The Relationship Between Early-Stage Knee Osteoarthritis and Lower-Extremity Alignment, Joint Laxity, and Subjective Scores of Pain, Stiffness, and Function.

Context: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a debilitating disease that affects an estimated 27 million Americans. Changes in lower-extremity alignment and joint laxity have been found to redistribute the medial and/or lateral loads at the joint. However, the effect that changes in anteroposterior knee-joint laxity have on lower-extremity alignment and function in individuals with knee OA remains unclear.

Cortical Button Fixation: A Better Patellar Tendon Repair?

Background: Patellar tendon ruptures require surgical repair to optimize outcomes, but no consensus exists regarding the ideal repair technique. Cortical button fixation is a secure method for tendon repair that has not been studied in patellar tendons.

Hypothesis: Cortical button repair is biomechanically superior to the standard transpatellar repair and biomechanically equivalent to suture anchor repair.

Biomechanical comparison of hamstring tendon fixation devices for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: Part 2. Four tibial devices.

We conducted a study to biomechanically compare 4 tibial hamstring tendon fixation devices commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Quadrupled human semitendinosus-gracilis tendon grafts were fixed into porcine tibias using 4 separate fixation devices. For each device, 10 specimens were tested (1500-cycle loading test at 50-200 N).

Biomechanical comparison of hamstring tendon fixation devices for anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction: part 1. Five femoral devices.

We conducted a study to biomechanically compare 5 femoral hamstring tendon fixation devices commonly used in anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. Quadrupled human semitendinosus-gracilis tendon grafts were fixed into porcine femurs using 5 separate fixation devices. For each device, 10 specimens were tested (1500-cycle loading test at 50-200 N).

Cell-based tissue engineering augments tendon-to-bone healing in a rat supraspinatus model.

Rotator cuff pathology causes substantial pain/disability and health care costs. Cell-based tissue engineering offers promise for improved outcomes in tendon to bone healing. Cells from the tendon-bone interface were used here to amplify surgical defect healing in a rat model.

Temporal-spatial gait adaptations during stair ascent and descent in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) accounts for more functional disability of the lower extremity than any other disease. We recruited 18 patients with knee OA and 18 healthy age-, height-, mass-, and gender-matched control subjects to investigate the effects knee OA has on select spatial and temporal gait variables during a stair climbing task. No group-by-direction interaction was observed; however, significant effects did occur for group and direction.

Lower extremity joint kinematics during stair climbing in knee osteoarthritis.

Purpose: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is one of the most prevalent chronic lower extremity diseases, causing profound limitation of movement and ability to perform activities of daily living. The purpose of this study was to compare various hip, knee, and ankle joint kinematic variables between knee OA subjects and matched healthy controls during stair ascent and descent.

Methods: Eighteen subjects with knee OA (age = 60.

A biomechanical evaluation of ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction using a novel technique for ulnar-sided fixation.

Background: Techniques for ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction have evolved since its original description.

Hypothesis: Ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction using the ZipLoop for ulnar-sided fixation, as combined with the humeral docking technique supplemented with an interference screw, will restore valgus stability similar to that of the Jobe technique and the native ligament.

Study Design: Controlled laboratory study.

Effect of bacterial exposure on acellular human dermis in a rat ventral hernia model.

Background: Effectiveness of acellular human dermis (AHD) as an alternative to synthetic mesh in contaminated fields has been described. Cellular migration after implantation and corresponding strength of attachment is not well documented. Our aim is to correlate AHD vascularization, fibroblast migration, and strength of attachment with presence of inflammatory cells in clean and contaminated fields.

A comparison of gastrojejunal anastomoses with or without buttressing in a porcine model.

Introduction: The addition of staple-line reinforcements on circular anastomoses has not been well studied. We histologically and mechanically analyzed circular- stapled anastomoses with and without bioabsorbable staple-line reinforcement (SeamGuard, W. L.

Cementation of polyethylene liners into well-fixed metal shells at the time of revision total hip arthroplasty.

Cementing polyethylene liners into well-fixed metal shells at revision total hip arthroplasty is an accepted technique. Previous studies have tested the initial strength of this construct, but none have tested the construct under physiologic and abnormal loading conditions. The current study examines liner-shell performance under these conditions.

A biomechanical comparison of two suture anchor configurations for the repair of type II SLAP lesions subjected to a peel-back mechanism of failure.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to biomechanically compare 2 different suture anchor configurations in the repair of type II SLAP lesions.

Methods: Standardized type II SLAP lesions were created in 8 matched pairs of cadaveric shoulders. Two different suture anchor configurations were used to repair the type II SLAP lesions.

Comparative evaluation of adhesion formation, strength of ingrowth, and textile properties of prosthetic meshes after long-term intra-abdominal implantation in a rabbit.

Background: Effective laparoscopic ventral herniorrhaphy usually mandates the use of an intraperitoneal prosthetic. Visceral adhesions and changes in textile characteristics of prosthetics may complicate repairs, especially long-term. The aim of this study was to compare the adhesion formation, tissue ingrowth, and textile characteristics one year after intra-abdominal placement of the commonly used prosthetic meshes.

A biomechanical comparison of 2 ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction techniques.

Purpose: To biomechanically compare the Jobe transosseous ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) reconstruction procedure and an interference screw reconstruction (ISR) technique versus the intact elbow UCL.

Methods: Intact stiffness of 10 matched cadaveric elbow pairs was tested via submaximal valgus loading at 4 flexion angles. From each pair, a metal ISR and a traditional transosseous Jobe reconstruction was performed with the use of matched hamstring tendon grafts.

Textile analysis of heavy weight, mid-weight, and light weight polypropylene mesh in a porcine ventral hernia model.

Background: The purpose of this study was to assess the burst strength and stiffness of heavy weight (HW), mid-weight (MW), and light weight (LW) polypropylene mesh pre-implantation and 5 months post-implantation in a porcine ventral hernia model.

Materials And Methods: HW (95 g/cm2), MW (45 g/cm2), and LW (28 g/cm2) polypropylene were tested as dry samples (n = 8/mesh) before implantation using a stamp strain machine. Three weeks after creating four hernia defects in each mini-pig (n = 18), the polypropylene meshes (8 x 10 cm; 24/mesh type) were implanted in the preperitoneal space, ensuring 2 cm overlap circumferentially.

Biomechanical analysis of blade plate versus locking plate fixation for a proximal humerus fracture: comparison using cadaveric and synthetic humeri.

Objective: To compare the mechanical stability of a fixed-angle blade plate with that of a locking plate in a cadaveric proximal humerus fracture-fixation model subjected to cyclic loading. A secondary objective was to evaluate whether the use of synthetic humerus specimens would replicate significant differences found during cadaveric tests.

Design: Mechanical evaluation of constructs in bending and torsion.