ADO09, a co-formulation of the amylin analogue pramlintide and the insulin analogue A21G, lowers postprandial blood glucose versus insulin lispro in type 1 diabetes.

Aim: To compare the safety, pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics of ADO09 with insulin lispro (Lispro) and separate subcutaneous injections of human insulin and pramlintide (Ins&Pram) in 24 subjects with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: At three dosing visits, participants received single doses of ADO09, Ins&Pram or Lispro immediately before eating a standardized mixed meal together with 1 g of acetaminophen, which was used as a surrogate marker to evaluate the kinetics of gastric emptying. Premeal blood glucose was adjusted to 126 mg/dL ± 10% by means of insulin and glucose infusions.

Segregated and alternately stacked donor/acceptor nanodomains in tubular morphology tailored with zinc porphyrin-C60 amphiphilic dyads: clear geometrical effects on photoconduction.

Amphiphilic zinc porphyrin (P(Zn); electron donor, D)-fullerene (C(60); electron acceptor, A) dyads 2 and 3, bearing an identical hydrophilic wedge with triethylene glycol chains but different linkers between the P(Zn) and C(60) units, self-assemble into nanotubes with essentially different dimensional and geometrical features from one another. The nanotube from dyad 2 with an ester linker consists of a bilayer wall formed with coaxially segregated D and A nanodomains along the tube axis (coaxial D-A heterojunction), thereby displaying explicit photoconductivity with ambipolar carrier transport properties. In contrast, the nanotube from dyad 3 with a rigid arylacetylene linker consists of a monolayer wall with an alternate geometry of D/A stacking, resulting in poor photoconducting outputs.

Polyethylenes bearing a terminal porphyrin group.

An α-[Cu(II)-porphyrin]-polyethylene was synthesized for the first time using copper catalyzed 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne Huisgen cycloaddition yielding highly colored moiety-substituted polyethylene.

Large scale assembly of ordered donor-acceptor heterojunction molecular wires using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.

Unidirectionally aligned photoconductive donor-acceptor heterojunction molecular wires spanning over fifty square microns are fabricated using the Langmuir-Blodgett technique.

Real time self-assembly and reassembly of molecular nanowires of trigeminal amphiphile porphyrins.

Self-assembly and reassembly of high aspect ratio nanowires of trigeminal porphyrins and their manipulation using an atomic force microscope (AFM) is reported.

Effect of anion binding on charge stabilization in a bis-fullerene-oxoporphyrinogen conjugate.

Presence of strongly binding anion, F(-) stabilizes the photo-induced charge-separated states of a bis-fullerene-substituted oxoporphyrinogen due to the large shift in the oxidation potential of the oxoporphyrinogen moiety upon anion binding through hydrogen bonding at its core.

Chiroselective assembly of a chiral porphyrin-fullerene dyad: photoconductive nanofiber with a top-class ambipolar charge-carrier mobility.

Upon slow admission of MeOH, the enantiomerically pure form of chiral amphiphilic porphyrin-fullerene dyad 1 in CH(2)Cl(2) self-assembles at 25 degrees C into nanofibers with a built-in donor/acceptor heterojunction, while its racemic form, under identical conditions, self-assembles into submicrometer-sized spheres with a donor/acceptor arrangement essentially different from that in the nanofiber assembly. Although a cast film of the latter hardly shows a photoconducting profile on micrometer-gap electrodes, the former sample clearly displays photoconduction with an ambipolar charge-transporting character. The electron and hole mobilities under zero electric field, as estimated from time-of-flight profiles, are 0.

Block-copolymer-nanowires with nanosized domain segregation and high charge mobilities as stacked p/n heterojunction arrays for repeatable photocurrent switching.

Development of materials for efficient photoenergy conversion is a subject of critical importance in current science and technology. Efficient performance requires well-controlled segregation of electron donor and acceptor moieties, which we have achieved using block copolymers of tetraphenylporphinatozinc(II) (donor) and C(60) fullerene (acceptor) using living ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP). The resulting amphiphilic ROMP block copolymers undergo self-assembly into nanostructured phase-segregated 1-dimensional nanowires with an approximately 5.

Challenges and breakthroughs in recent research on self-assembly.

The controlled fabrication of nanometer-scale objects is without doubt one of the central issues in current science and technology. However, existing fabrication techniques suffer from several disadvantages including size-restrictions and a general paucity of applicable materials. Because of this, the development of alternative approaches based on supramolecular self-assembly processes is anticipated as a breakthrough methodology.

Porphyrin colorimetric indicators in molecular and nano-architectures.

One of the most important outcomes of organic nanotechnologies could be development of well-integrated systems for sensing of particular chemical species. Use of color indicators is an attractive approach to guest reporting. Of the known chromophores, porphyrin and its derivatives are the most widely studied functional chromophores in a diverse range of research fields.

Self-assembly of a pi-electronic amphiphile consisting of a zinc porphyrin-fullerene dyad: formation of micro-vesicles with a high stability.

An amphiphilic zinc porphyrin-fullerene dyad appended with triethyleneglycol chains in aqueous media forms uniformly-sized multilamellar vesicles with a mean diameter of 100 nm that are thermally stable and robust against membrane lysis with surfactants.