Applied science facilitates the large-scale expansion of protected areas in an Amazonian hot spot.

Meeting international commitments to protect 17% of terrestrial ecosystems worldwide will require >3 million square kilometers of new protected areas and strategies to create those areas in a way that respects local communities and land use. In 2000-2016, biological and social scientists worked to increase the protected proportion of Peru's largest department via 14 interdisciplinary inventories covering >9 million hectares of this megadiverse corner of the Amazon basin. In each landscape, the strategy was the same: convene diverse partners, identify biological and sociocultural assets, document residents' use of natural resources, and tailor the findings to the needs of decision-makers.

Leiomyosarcoma of great saphenous vein localised to the calf.

We present the case of a 76-year-old man with a 2-month history of mildly tender swelling in the right calf for which he had an initial excision and then a wide local excision followed by a split skin graft because the initial histopathology confirmed that there was a Grade I leiomyosarcoma of great saphenous vein. A simple lump in the lower limb could be a malignant vascular tumour and should always be considered in the list of differential diagnosis of a lump in the lower limb.

Carbon-nanotube-polymer nanocomposites for field-emission cathodes.

The electron field-emission (FE) characteristics of functionalized single-walled carbon-nanotube (CNT)-polymer composites produced by solution processing are reported. It is shown that excellent electron emission can be obtained by using as little as 0.7% volume fraction of nanotubes in the composite.

Randomized, prospective, and controlled clinical trial of pulsed electromagnetic field stimulation for cervical fusion.

Background Context: Multilevel fusions, the use of allograft bone, and smoking have been associated with an increased risk of nonunion after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion (ACDF) procedures. Pulsed electromagnetic field (PEMF) stimulation has been shown to increase arthrodesis rates after lumbar spine fusion surgery, but there are minimal data concerning the effect of PEMF stimulation on cervical spine fusion.

Purpose: To determine the efficacy and safety of PEMF stimulation as an adjunct to arthrodesis after ACDF in patients with potential risk factors for nonunion.

Land-use allocation protects the Peruvian Amazon.

Disturbance and deforestation have profound ecological and socioeconomic effects on tropical forests, but their diffuse patterns are difficult to detect and quantify at regional scales. We expanded the Carnegie forest damage detection system to show that, between 1999 and 2005, disturbance and deforestation rates throughout the Peruvian Amazon averaged 632 square kilometers per year and 645 square kilometers per year, respectively. However, only 1 to 2% occurred within natural protected areas, indigenous territories contained only 11% of the forest disturbances and 9% of the deforestation, and recent forest concessions effectively protected against clear-cutting.

Intraoperative neuromonitoring detects thrombotic occlusion of the left common iliac arterial bifurcation after anterior lumbar interbody fusion: case report.

Prompt recognition of acute or delayed vascular insults during anterior spinal reconstructive surgery of the lower lumbar levels is paramount for successful intervention and prevention of sequelae. Although surgical exposure of the lower lumbar levels requires mindful dissection and cautious retraction of abdominal vessels, ischemic insult due to partial or complete occlusion of the iliac arteries may go undetected without adequate surgical monitoring. We present a case of progressive thrombotic occlusion of the left common iliac artery detected by intraoperative spinal cord monitoring using somatosenory evoked potentials (SSEPs) at the peripheral and central levels.