Cost effectiveness of ACE inhibitor treatment for patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Objective: Current guidelines recommend treating patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus with ACE inhibitors after the onset of microalbuminuria. Recent clinical trials have shown ACE inhibitors can affect the development of nephropathy when initiated prior to the onset of microalbuminuria. Our objective is to examine the cost effectiveness of treating adults aged over 20 years with an ACE inhibitor (captopril) immediately following diagnosis of type 1 diabetes versus treating them after the onset of microalbuminuria.

Rates of glucose change measured by blood glucose meter and the GlucoWatch Biographer during day, night, and around mealtimes.

Objective: The purpose of this study was to characterize the distribution of the rate of change of blood glucose for a diabetic population.

Research Design And Methods: The study population consisted of 124 adults with type 1 or type 2 diabetes requiring insulin. Study participants applied a GlucoWatch Biographer during the day at home for 5 consecutive days and took finger-prick blood glucose measurements hourly.

The effect of preapplication of corticosteroids on skin irritation and performance of the GlucoWatch G2 Biographer.

Skin irritation due to iontophoresis may limit the frequency of use of devices for drug delivery or transdermal extraction of analytes of clinical interest. This study examined whether preapplication of corticosteroid preparations could reduce skin irritation from iontophoresis used by the GlucoWatch G2 Biographer (Cygnus, Inc., Redwood City, CA) in monitoring interstitial glucose levels frequently and automatically.

Use of the GlucoWatch biographer in children and adolescents with diabetes.

Objective: This study was done to evaluate the accuracy and safety of measuring glucose with the GlucoWatch biographer in children and adolescents with diabetes.

Methods: Accuracy was assessed by comparing biographer glucose measurements with hourly blood glucose measurements using the HemoCue (Aktiebolaget Leo, Helsingborg, Sweden) Photometer for up to 12 h of monitoring. Safety was evaluated by examining the biographer application sites immediately upon removal of the devices, and then at regular intervals.

Use of the Cygnus GlucoWatch biographer at a diabetes camp.

Background: Detection and prevention of nocturnal hypoglycemia is a major medical concern at diabetes camps.

Objective: We conducted an open-label trial of the Cygnus GlucoWatch biographer to detect nocturnal hypoglycemia in a diabetes camp, a nonclinical environment with multiple activities.

Methods: Forty-five campers (7-17 years old) wore a biographer.

Cost-effectiveness of use of the GlucoWatch Biographer in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes: a preliminary analysis based on a randomized controlled trial.

Objective: To conduct a preliminary analysis of the cost-effectiveness of the use of the GlucoWatch Biographer in the management of type 1 diabetes in children and adolescents.

Methods: The computer model used to analyze the cost-effectiveness of intensive diabetes treatment in the Diabetes Control and Complications Trial (DCCT) was modified to simulate cohorts of patients who participated in a small clinical trial at one center comparing standard and Biographer-assisted standard care. The model is a Monte Carlo simulation model that simulates the lives of individual patients.

Use of the GlucoWatch biographer in children with type 1 diabetes.

Objective: To determine whether use of the GlucoWatch biographer improves glucose control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.

Methods: Forty children in poor glucose control (glycohemoglobin [HbA1c] >8%) were randomized to diabetes management with or without glucose monitoring using the biographer. Conventional glucose monitoring was performed 4 times daily in both groups.