FAIR data pipeline: provenance-driven data management for traceable scientific workflows.

Modern epidemiological analyses to understand and combat the spread of disease depend critically on access to, and use of, data. Rapidly evolving data, such as data streams changing during a disease outbreak, are particularly challenging. Data management is further complicated by data being imprecisely identified when used.

Improving the uptake of cervical screening in pregnant and recently postnatal women: a quality improvement project.

Background: In 2018, cervical screening uptake was at its lowest level since screening began, particularly in those aged 25-35, coinciding with the peak incidence of cervical cancer and average age at first delivery.

Problem: Retrospective baseline data of pregnant women found 47.3% (n=123/260) were overdue for screening by delivery, of whom 74% (n=91/123) remained overdue by 6 months postnatal.

Involving community pharmacists in transfer of care from hospital: Indications of reduced 30-day hospital readmission rates for patients in Cornwall.

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine any benefit from a discharge transfer of care service from hospital to community pharmacy.

Method: A cross-sectional cohort design was used to compare actioned and non-actioned transfers of care.

Key Findings: Of the 1130 transfers of care referrals to pharmacies in 2017, 365 patients received an actioned community pharmacy service after discharge.

Longitudinal evaluation of a countywide alternative to the Quality and Outcomes Framework in UK General Practice aimed at improving Person Centred Coordinated Care.

Objectives: To evaluate a county-wide deincentivisation of the Quality and Outcomes Framework (QOF) payment scheme for UK General Practice (GP).

Setting: In 2014, National Health Service England signalled a move towards devolution of QOF to Clinical Commissioning Groups. Fifty-five GPs in Somerset established the Somerset Practice Quality Scheme (SPQS)-a deincentivisation of QOF-with the goal of redirecting resources towards Person Centred Coordinated Care (P3C), especially for those with long-term conditions (LTCs).

Risk factors of patients with and without postoperative nausea (PON).

This purpose of this analysis was to study risk factors of postoperative nausea (PON) and their strength. Data were obtained during the screening phase of a controlled clinical trial of aromatherapy for PON. In a sample of 1151 postsurgical subjects, 301 (26.

Femtosecond laser micromachining of waveguides in silicone-based hydrogel polymers.

By tightly focusing 27 fs laser pulses from a Ti:sapphire oscillator with 1.3 nJ pulse energy at 93 MHz repetition rate, we are able to fabricate optical waveguides inside hydrogel polymers containing approximately 36% water by weight. A tapered lensed fiber is used to couple laser light at a wavelength of 632.

Efficacy of the male latex condom and of the female polyurethane condom as barriers to semen during intercourse: a randomized clinical trial.

In this 2000-2001 study, the authors compared the effectiveness of the male latex condom and the female polyurethane condom by assessing frequency and types of mechanical failure and by evaluating semen exposure during use. Eligible women from Birmingham, Alabama, were randomly assigned to begin the study with 10 male condoms and then switch to 10 female condoms (n = 55), or vice versa (n = 53), and were trained to use both types. Data collection included questionnaires for each condom use and measurement of prostate-specific antigen in specimens of vaginal fluid taken before and after intercourse.

Self-reported mechanical problems during condom use and semen exposure. Comparison of two randomized trials in the United States of America and Brazil.

Objectives/goal: To compare self-reported condom use problems and objectively determined semen exposure in 2 populations.

Study Design: Two randomized crossover trials in the United States and Brazil compared the failure rates of the female condom (FC) and male condom (MC). Participants used both condom types, completed condom-specific questionnaires to report problems, and collected precoital and postcoital samples of vaginal fluid.

A case of infertility in a patient with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Objective And Importance: Complications arising from the placement of ventriculoperitoneal (VP) shunts are well documented. A case of infertility is presented that was thought to result from factors related to the distal end of a VP shunt residing within a patient's abdomen.

Clinical Presentation: A 30-year-old female with a 3-year history of infertility was referred for fallopian tube blockage.

Large refractive index change in silicone-based and non-silicone-based hydrogel polymers induced by femtosecond laser micro-machining.

A Ti:Sapphire femtosecond laser with a pulse energy of 1.3 nJ at a 93 MHz repetition rate has been used to micro-machine optical gratings inside several silicone-based and non-silicone-based hydrogel polymers. By measuring the diffraction efficiency of the gratings at 632.

Acceptability of five nonoxynol-9 spermicides.

Objective: To examine the acceptability of five nonoxynol-9 (N-9) spermicides.

Methods: We analyzed data from a randomized trial of five products, including three gels containing different amounts of N-9 per dose, a film and a suppository. In the trial, 1536 participants were asked to use the assigned spermicide for 7 months and to complete questionnaires 4 weeks after admission and at discontinuation.

Participant characteristics associated with withdrawal from a large randomized trial of spermicide effectiveness.

Background: In most recent large efficacy trials of barrier contraceptive methods, a high proportion of participants withdrew before the intended end of follow-up. The objective of this analysis was to explore characteristics of participants who failed to complete seven months of planned participation in a trial of spermicide efficacy.

Methods: Trial participants were expected to use the assigned spermicide for contraception for 7 months or until pregnancy occurred.

Efficacy of the female condom as a barrier to semen during intercourse.

In 1996-1998, the authors measured prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in vaginal fluid to assess the frequency of female condom failure and to evaluate the association of self-reported failure with semen exposure. Women at low risk of sexually transmitted diseases (n = 210) were recruited in Birmingham, Alabama. They were trained to use the female condom, sample vaginal fluid before and after condom use, and complete forms to report problems during each use.

Partner characteristics, intensity of the intercourse, and semen exposure during use of the female condom.

The objective of this study was to assess how characteristics of the intercourse and the couple relate to semen exposure during use of the female condom. From 1996 to 1998, 210 women in Birmingham, Alabama, were trained to use the female condom and follow study procedures during a group session and individually practiced inserting the device. The outcome was semen exposure as defined by comparing pre- and postcoital prostate-specific antigen levels in vaginal fluid.