Impacts on South America moisture transport under Amazon deforestation and 2 °C global warming.

The increase in greenhouse gasses (GHG) anthropogenic emissions and deforestation over the last decades have led to many chemical and physical changes in the climate system, affecting the atmosphere's energy and water balance. A process that could be affected is the Amazonian moisture transport in the South American continent (including La Plata basin), which is crucial to the southeast Brazilian water regime. The focus of our research is on evaluating how local (i.

The Effects of Heat Advection on UK Weather and Climate Observations in the Vicinity of Small Urbanized Areas.

Weather and climate networks traditionally follow rigorous siting guidelines, with individual stations located away from frost hollows, trees or urban areas. However, the diverse nature of the UK landscape suggests that the feasibility of siting stations that are truly representative of regional climate and free from distorting local effects is increasingly difficult. Whilst the urban heat island is a well-studied phenomenon and usually accounted for, the effect of warm urban air advected downwind is rarely considered, particularly at rural stations adjacent to urban areas.

Evaluation of the painful total knee arthroplasty.

There are a substantial number of patients who continue to complain of pain following total knee arthroplasty (TKA). There are many potential causes of continued pain, and these are broadly categorized into intrinsic and extrinsic sources. When evaluating a patient with a painful TKA, the physician begins with a thorough history and physical examination, along with the appropriate radiographs.

Optimal bone strength and mineralization requires the type 2 iodothyronine deiodinase in osteoblasts.

Hypothyroidism and thyrotoxicosis are each associated with an increased risk of fracture. Although thyroxine (T4) is the predominant circulating thyroid hormone, target cell responses are determined by local intracellular availability of the active hormone 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine (T3), which is generated from T4 by the type 2 deiodinase enzyme (D2). To investigate the role of locally produced T3 in bone, we characterized mice deficient in D2 (D2KO) in which the serum T3 level is normal.