A structural equation model of perievent panic and posttraumatic stress disorder after a community disaster.

Studies suggest that perievent panic attacks are predictive of future posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Using a population of New York City residents interviewed after the World Trade Center Disaster, the authors measured event exposure, perievent panic, potential confounding, mediating variables, and PTSD. When they estimated a structural equation model, with other stressor events, psychological resources, and Year 1 and Year 2 PTSD as latent variables and adjusted for confounders, the association between perievent panic and Year 2 PTSD was not significant.

Mental health service use after the World Trade Center disaster: utilization trends and comparative effectiveness.

Previous research suggested that community-level mental health service use was low following the World Trade Center Disaster (WTCD) and that brief interventions were effective. In the current study, we assess service use during a longer follow-up period and compare the effectiveness of brief versus multisession interventions. To assess these, we conducted baseline diagnostic interviews among New York City residents 1 year after the WTCD (N = 2368) and follow-up interviews 2 years afterward (N = 1681).

"Mind the gap"--the impact of variations in the duration of the treatment gap and overall treatment time in the first UK Anal Cancer Trial (ACT I).

Purpose: The United Kingdom Coordinating Committee on Cancer Research anal cancer trial demonstrated the benefit of combined modality treatment (CMT) using radiotherapy (RT), infusional 5-fluorouracil, and mitomycin C over RT alone. The present study retrospectively examines the impact of the recommended 6-week treatment gap and local RT boost on long-term outcome.

Methods And Materials: A total of 577 patients were randomly assigned RT alone or CMT.

Central nervous system findings on fetal magnetic resonance imaging and outcomes in children with spina bifida.

Objective: To estimate the relationship between fetal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of ventriculomegaly, cerebellar herniation, extraaxial space effacement and adverse outcomes in children with spina bifida.

Methods: This was a review of all pregnancies with spina bifida referred for fetal MRI from 2001 to 2007 and cared for postnatally at our spina bifida referral center. Degree of cerebellar herniation was based on lowest cervical vertebral level reached.

Cytoskeletal dynamics and supracellular organisation of cell shape fluctuations during dorsal closure.

Fluctuations in the shape of amnioserosa (AS) cells during Drosophila dorsal closure (DC) provide an ideal system with which to understand contractile epithelia, both in terms of the cellular mechanisms and how tissue behaviour emerges from the activity of individual cells. Using quantitative image analysis we show that apical shape fluctuations are driven by the medial cytoskeleton, with periodic foci of contractile myosin and actin travelling across cell apices. Shape changes were mostly anisotropic and neighbouring cells were often, but transiently, organised into strings with parallel deformations.

Systematic differences between healthcare professionals and poison information staff in the severity scoring of pesticide exposures.

Context: Severity scores are used in triage and for data comparison in cases of poisoning. Exposure severity scores have not been generally validated and their utilization by healthcare staff other than specialists in poison information (SPIs) is untested.

Objective: To compare the poisoning severity grading allocated in pesticide exposure cases by healthcare professional enquirers and poison information staff.

Osmium-bismuth complexes from the reaction of Os3(CO)11(NCMe) with BiPh3.

Five new compounds were obtained from the reaction of Os(3)(CO)(11)(NCMe), 1, with BiPh(3) in hexane solution at reflux. These have been identified as Os(2)(CO)(8)(mu-BiPh), 2, Os(CO)(4)Ph(2), 3, Os(4)(CO)(14)(mu-eta(3)-O=CC(6)H(5))(mu(4)-Bi), 4, Os(4)(CO)(15)Ph(mu(4)-Bi), 5, and Os(5)(CO)(19)Ph(mu(4)-Bi), 6. Cleavage of the phenyl groups from the BiPh(3) was the dominant reaction pathway.

Synergistic behavior of bimetallic rhenium cluster catalysts: spectroscopic investigation into the nature of the active site.

Single-site Re nanoparticles were produced by anchoring dirhenium organometallic clusters on to the inner walls of mesoporous silica. The presence of oxophilic atoms (Sb or Bi) is essential to obtain well dispersed Re(0) centers. The interaction between the organometallic cluster and the silica support is critical for the generation of well-defined and isolated Re(0) single sites.

Reactions of the platinum (tri-tert-butylphosphine) group with bridging SbPh2 ligands in rhenium-antimony carbonyl complexes.

The reaction of [Re(CO)(4)(mu-SbPh(2))](2) (1) with Pt[P(t-Bu)(3)](2) in n-octane solvent at reflux (125 degrees C) has yielded two platinum-rhenium-antimony compounds, Re(2)(CO)(8)[(mu(3)-SbCH(2)CMe(2))Pt(H)P(t-Bu)(2)]P(t-Bu)(3)(mu-SbPh(2)) (2), and Re(2)(CO)(8)[Pt(CO)(CH(2)CMe(2))P(t-Bu)(2)](mu(3)-SbPh)(mu-SbPh(2)) (3), in low yields. Both products were formed by the cleavage of phenyl group(s) from one of the bridging SbPh(2) ligands in 1 and the addition of a PtP(t-Bu)(3) or Pt[P(t-Bu)(3)](2) group to the antimony atom. In both products, one of the tert-butyl groups was metalated on one of its methyl groups.

Social anthropology in INCAP.

Social anthropology at INCAP evolved through a series of stages. The initial work in the 1950s was concerned with finding ways to make INCAP nutritional research more effective. In a second phase, emerging in the 1960s, anthropology examined the nutrition process in the population, especially as it was manifested in child care and feeding, lactation, and population growth and in the relation of economic process to nutritional progress.

Ruthenium-tin cluster complexes and their applications as bimetallic nanoscale heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts.

This review describes recent studies on the synthesis and characterization of new polynuclear ruthenium-tin cluster complexes, their conversion to heterometallic nanoparticles, and some studies on their applications as catalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated organic molecules of commercial interest.

Rhodium-germanium carbonyl complexes.

The compound Rh(CO)(4)GePh(3), 3, was obtained in a high yield (95%) from the reaction of [Rh(CO)(2)Cl](2) with LiGePh(3) under a CO atmosphere. Reaction of 3 with HGePh(3) yielded the new dirhodium compound Rh(2)(CO)(6)(GePh(3))(2)(mu-GePh(2)), 4 (55% yield), by a loss of CO and the combination of one equivalent of HGePh(3) with two equivalents of 3. Compound 4 contains contains a Rh-Rh bond and a bridging GePh(2) ligand formed by cleavage of a phenyl group from a GePh(3) ligand.

Incidence of new onset metabolic acidosis following enteroplasty for myelomeningocele.

Purpose: Extant literature is mixed regarding risk of metabolic acidosis after enteroplasty for myelomeningocele. This study is the first known attempt to describe the pattern of developing metabolic acidosis in a group of children who underwent enteroplasty and served as their own controls. Multiple preoperative and postoperative laboratory measures for each child were obtained for comparison.

Rhenium-bismuth carbonyl cluster compounds.

The reaction of Re(2)(CO)(8)[mu-eta(2)-C(H)=C(H)Bu(n)](mu-H) with BiPh(3) in heptane solvent at reflux yielded three new compounds Re(2)(CO)(8)(mu-BiPh(2))(2), 1 (14% yield), [Re(CO)(4)(mu-BiPh(2))](3), 2 (5% yield), and Re(2)(eta(6)-C(6)H(5)Ph)(CO)(7), 3, 4.7 mg (7% yield). Compound 1 contains two Re(CO)(4) groups joined by two bridging BiPh(2) ligands in a four-membered ring.

Cell shape changes indicate a role for extrinsic tensile forces in Drosophila germ-band extension.

Drosophila germ-band extension (GBE) is an example of the convergence and extension movements that elongate and narrow embryonic tissues. To understand the collective cell behaviours underlying tissue morphogenesis, we have continuously quantified cell intercalation and cell shape change during GBE. We show that the fast, early phase of GBE depends on cell shape change in addition to cell intercalation.

Platinum-germanium compounds from the reactions of (COD)PtMe(2) (COD = 1,5-cyclooctadiene) with HGePh(3).

The reaction of Pt(COD)Me(2) with HGePh(3) in hexane solvent at room temperature for 30 h yielded the two new compounds Pt(COD)(Me)(GePh(3)), 1 (16%), and Pt(COD)(GePh(3))(2), 2 (9%), by replacement of the methyl groups by GePh(3) ligands. When this reaction was performed under an atmosphere of CO the compound trans-Pt(CO)(2)(GePh(3))(2), 3 was obtained in 26% yield together with a new compound Pt(2)(CO)(2)(GePh(3))(2)(mu-GePh(2))(2), 4 in 10% yield. Compound 2 was obtained from 1 in 51% yield by reaction with an additional quantity of HGePh(3) and 3 was obtained from 2 in 16% yield by treatment with CO.

New catalytic liquid-phase ammoxidation approach to the preparation of niacin (vitamin B3).

New highly dispersed bimetallic nanoscale catalysts based on rhenium combined with antimony or bismuth have been shown to be highly effective for the ammoxidation of 3-picoline to nicotinonitrile (precursor for vitamin B3) under mild conditions in the liquid phase.

Reported physician skills in the management of children's mental health problems following an educational intervention.

Objective: The tristate Reaching Children Initiative (RCI) was designed to engage primary care physicians (PCPs) and increase reported knowledge and skills in the diagnosis and management of the most common mental health (MH) problems among children and adolescents.

Methods: PCPs responded to a baseline survey and agreed to participate in an educational intervention or serve in a comparison group. The program, delivered by an interdisciplinary faculty, engaged the audience in role play, motivational techniques, and didactics.

Active cell movements coupled to positional induction are involved in lineage segregation in the mouse blastocyst.

In the mouse blastocyst, some cells of the inner cell mass (ICM) develop into primitive endoderm (PE) at the surface, while deeper cells form the epiblast. It remained unclear whether the position of cells determines their fate, such that gene expression is adjusted to cell position, or if cells are pre-specified at random positions and then sort. We have tracked and characterised dynamics of all ICM cells from the early to late blastocyst stage.

Tissue tectonics: morphogenetic strain rates, cell shape change and intercalation.

The dynamic reshaping of tissues during morphogenesis results from a combination of individual cell behaviors and collective cell rearrangements. However, a comprehensive framework to unambiguously measure and link cell behavior to tissue morphogenesis is lacking. Here we introduce such a kinematic framework, bridging cell and tissue behaviors at an intermediate, mesoscopic, level of cell clusters or domains.

Mechanical control of global cell behaviour during dorsal closure in Drosophila.

Halfway through embryonic development, the epidermis of Drosophila exhibits a gap at the dorsal side covered by an extraembryonic epithelium, the amnioserosa (AS). Dorsal closure (DC) is the process whereby interactions between the two epithelia establish epidermal continuity. Although genetic and biomechanical analysis have identified the AS as a force-generating tissue, we do not know how individual cell behaviours are transformed into tissue movements.

Comparing outcomes of slings with versus without enterocystoplasty for neurogenic urinary incontinence.

Purpose: We compared 2 cohorts of children with neurogenic urinary incontinence undergoing bladder neck sling with and without augmentation to determine relative continence outcomes, catheterization intervals, anticholinergic requirements and health related quality of life improvement as perceived by the patients and their parents.

Materials And Methods: Consecutive patients followed through our spina bifida program underwent a structured postoperative interview by a research nurse to assess continence, interval between catheterizations and anticholinergic use. In addition, the child and parent together answered a health related quality of life satisfaction survey to determine the impact of surgery from their perspectives.

Peritraumatic panic attacks and health outcomes two years after psychological trauma: implications for intervention and research.

Several studies have suggested that experiencing a peritraumatic panic attack (PPA) during a traumatic event predicts future mental health status. Some investigators have suggested that this finding has psychotherapeutic significance. We assessed the hypothesis that PPA was not related to longer-term health status after event exposure, once background confounders were controlled.