Surgical Predictors of Clinical Outcome 6 Years After Revision ACL Reconstruction.

Background: Revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction has been documented to have inferior outcomes compared with primary ACL reconstruction. The reasons why remain unknown.

Purpose: To determine whether surgical factors performed at the time of revision ACL reconstruction can influence a patient's outcome at 6-year follow-up.

Aberrations in medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in Norway in 2023 compared to pre-COVID-19-pandemic trends.

Background: Since 2022, Norway has employed a vaccine-only COVID-19 strategy. Primary healthcare in Norway uses International Classification of Primary Care version 2 (ICPC-2) codes. This study aims to systematically compare medically certified sick leave and primary healthcare consultations in 2023 with the pre-pandemic 2010-2019 trends, and subsequently estimate the magnitude of these changes.

Estimating the risk of gastrointestinal illness associated with drinking tap water in Norway: a prospective cohort study.

Background: The delivery of safe drinking water has high public health relevance, as reflected in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG6). Several precautionary actions have reduced the burden associated with infectious diseases in high-income countries; however, pollution in source waters, inadequate disinfection, and premise plumbing, along with an increased awareness that intrusion in the drinking water distribution system, represents risk factors for gastrointestinal illness linked to consume of drinking water. Sporadic cases of waterborne infections are expected to be underreported since a sick person is less likely to seek healthcare for a self-limiting gastrointestinal infection.

Integrating viruses into soil food web biogeochemistry.

The soil microbiome is recognized as an essential component of healthy soils. Viruses are also diverse and abundant in soils, but their roles in soil systems remain unclear. Here we argue for the consideration of viruses in soil microbial food webs and describe the impact of viruses on soil biogeochemistry.

MerCat2: a versatile -mer counter and diversity estimator for database-independent property analysis obtained from omics data.

Motivation: MerCat2 ("Mer-Catenate2") is a versatile, parallel, scalable and modular property software package for robustly analyzing features in omics data. Using massively parallel sequencing raw reads, assembled contigs, and protein sequences from any platform as input, MerCat2 performs -mer counting of any length , resulting in feature abundance counts tables, quality control reports, protein feature metrics, and graphical representation (i.e.

DeGenPrime provides robust primer design and optimization unlocking the biosphere.

Motivation: Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) is the world's most important molecular diagnostic with applications ranging from medicine to ecology. PCR can fail because of poor primer design. The nearest-neighbor thermodynamic properties, picking conserved regions, and filtration via penalty of oligonucleotides form the basis for good primer design.

Viral enumeration using cost-effective wet-mount epifluorescence microscopy for aquatic ecosystems and modern microbialites.

Low-cost and robust viral enumeration is a critical first step toward understanding the global virome. Our method is a deep drive integration providing a window into viral dark matter within aquatic ecosystems. We enumerated the viruses within Green Lake and Great Salt Lake microbialites, EPS, and water column.

Meeting report: The first soil viral workshop 2022.

Soil viral ecology is a growing research field; however, the state of knowledge still lags behind that of aquatic systems. Therefore, to facilitate progress, the first Soil Viral Workshop was held to encourage international scientific discussion and collaboration, suggest guidelines for future research, and establish soil viral research as a concrete research area. The workshop took place at Søminestationen, Denmark, between 15 and 17th of June 2022.

Meniscal and Articular Cartilage Predictors of Outcome After Revision ACL Reconstruction: A 6-Year Follow-up Cohort Study.

Background: Meniscal and chondral damage is common in the patient undergoing revision anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.

Purpose: To determine if meniscal and/or articular cartilage pathology at the time of revision ACL surgery significantly influences a patient's outcome at 6-year follow-up.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

Nanopore Sequencing with GraphMap for Comprehensive Pathogen Detection in Potato Field Soil.

Early detection of causal pathogens is important to prevent crop loss from diseases. However, some diseases, such as soilborne diseases, are difficult to diagnose due to the absence of visible or characteristic symptoms. In the present study, the use of the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencer as a molecular diagnostic tool was assessed due to its long-read sequencing capabilities and portability.

Pre-pregnancy participation and performance in world's largest cross-country ski race as a proxy for physical exercise and fitness, and perinatal outcomes: Prospective registry-based cohort study.

Objective: Investigate associations between pre-pregnancy participation and performance in a demanding cross-country ski race (proxy for exercise volume and fitness) and perinatal outcomes. Pre-registered protocol: osf.io/aywg2.

A One Health real-time surveillance system for nowcasting gastrointestinal illness outbreaks, Norway, week 30 2010 to week 11 2022.

Background is a leading cause of food and waterborne illness. Monitoring and modelling at chicken broiler farms, combined with weather pattern surveillance, can aid nowcasting of human gastrointestinal (GI) illness outbreaks. Near real-time sharing of data and model results with health authorities can help increase potential outbreak responsiveness.

Fundamentals of genomic epidemiology, lessons learned from the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, and new directions.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic was one of the significant causes of death worldwide in 2020. The disease is caused by severe acute coronavirus syndrome (SARS) coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), an RNA virus of the subfamily related to 2 other clinically relevant coronaviruses, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV. Like other coronaviruses and several other viruses, SARS-CoV-2 originated in bats.

Descriptive Characteristics and Outcomes of Patients Undergoing Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction With and Without Tunnel Bone Grafting.

Background: Lytic or malpositioned tunnels may require bone grafting during revision anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (rACLR) surgery. Patient characteristics and effects of grafting on outcomes after rACLR are not well described.

Purpose: To describe preoperative characteristics, intraoperative findings, and 2-year outcomes for patients with rACLR undergoing bone grafting procedures compared with patients with rACLR without grafting.

The importance of mineralogical composition for the cytotoxic and pro-inflammatory effects of mineral dust.

Background: Respirable mineral particles represent a potential health hazard in occupational settings and ambient air. Previous studies show that mineral particles may induce cytotoxicity and inflammatory reactions in vitro and in vivo and that the potency varies between samples of different composition. However, the reason for these differences is largely unknown and the impact of mineralogical composition on the biological effects of mineral dust remains to be determined.

Returning to Activity After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Surgery: An Analysis of the Multicenter Anterior Cruciate Ligament Revision Study (MARS) Cohort at 2 Years Postoperative.

Background: Patients with anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) revision report lower outcome scores on validated knee questionnaires postoperatively compared to cohorts with primary ACL reconstruction. In a previously active population, it is unclear if patient-reported outcomes (PROs) are associated with a return to activity (RTA) or vary by sports participation level (higher level vs. recreational athletes).

How many of persistent coughers have pulmonary tuberculosis? Population-based cohort study in Ethiopia.

Objective: Many individuals with persistent cough and smear microscopy-negative sputum test for tuberculosis (TB) remain at risk of developing the disease. This study estimates the incidence of pulmonary TB (PTB) among initially smear-negative persistent coughers and its risk factors.

Design: A prospective population-based follow-up study.

The Future of Virology is Synthetic.

The virosphere (i.e., global virome) represents a vast library of unknown genes on the planet.

The Risk of Invasive Pneumococcal Disease Differs between Risk Groups in Norway Following Widespread Use of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Vaccine in Children.

The elderly and adults with medical risk conditions remain at high risk of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD), highlighting the importance of adequate preventive efforts. In an observational population-based study in Norway (pop ≥ 5 years, 2009-2017) covering six years post-PCV13 implementation, we explored the incidence and risk of IPD associated with age and comorbidities. We obtained the data on 5535 IPD cases from the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases and the population data from Statistics Norway.

Association Between Graft Choice and 6-Year Outcomes of Revision Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction in the MARS Cohort.

Background: Although graft choice may be limited in the revision setting based on previously used grafts, most surgeons believe that graft choice for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction is an important factor related to outcome.

Hypothesis: In the ACL revision setting, there would be no difference between autograft and allograft in rerupture rate and patient-reported outcomes (PROs) at 6-year follow-up.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

Gestational diabetes mellitus is associated with the neonatal gut microbiota and metabolome.

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) is a metabolic disease that occurs in pregnant women and increases the risk for the development of diabetes. The relationship between GDM and meconium microbiota and metabolome remains incompletely understood.

Methods: Four hundred eighteen mothers (147 women with GDM and 271 normal pregnant women) and their neonates from the GDM Mother and Child Study were included in this study.

Homogeneous Cytochrome 579 Is an Octamer That Reacts Too Slowly With Soluble Iron to Be the Initial Iron Oxidase in the Respiratory Chain of .

The exact role that cytochrome 579 plays in the aerobic iron respiratory chain of is unclear. This paper presents genomic, structural, and kinetic data on the cytochrome 579 purified from cell-free extracts of cultured on soluble iron. Electrospray mass spectrometry of electrophoretically homogeneous cytochrome 579 yielded two principal peaks at 16,015 and 16,141 Daltons.

Measles vaccine coverage among children born to Somali immigrants in Norway.

Background: Despite overall good vaccination coverage in many countries, vaccine hesitancy has hindered full coverage and exposed groups to the risk of outbreaks. Somali immigrant groups have been known to have low measles vaccination coverage, leading to outbreaks in their communities. Current research indicates a general lack of trust in the healthcare system, the use of alternative information sources and inadequate health literacy can be contributing factors.