The plethora of immunomodulatory drugs: opportunities for immune-mediated kidney diseases.

In recent decades, insights into the molecular pathways involved in disease have revolutionized the treatment of autoimmune diseases. A plethora of targeted therapies have been identified and are at varying stages of clinical development in renal autoimmunity. Some of these agents, such as rituximab or avacopan, have been approved for the treatment of immune-mediated kidney disease, but kidney disease lags behind more common autoimmune disorders in new drug development.