An Evaluation of the Applicability of the Risk of Malignancy Index for Adnexal Masses to Patients Seen at a Tertiary Hospital in Chandigarh, India.

Back Ground: The discrimination between benign and malignant ovarian tumors is important considering to optimally plan for an appropriate surgical treatment.

Aims: To determine the applicability of risk of malignancy index (RMI 2) for triaging patients with adnexal masses seen at tertiary care hospital in India.

Subjects And Methods: A retrospective case note review of patients with adnexal masses admitted in Gynecology department was done.

Ischemic complications after pituitary surgery: a report of two cases.

Background: Cerebral ischemic complications after pituitary surgery are not frequently reported. These vascular complications may be related to (1) direct trauma to the vessel wall, (2) compression of the internal carotid artery (ICA) due to pituitary apoplexy, (3) vasospasm secondary to subarachnoid hemorrhage or vasoactive tumor extract, or (4) hypothalamic injury.

Patients: We describe two cases where major vessel infarcts occurred after removal of pituitary tumor.

Mortality predictors in severe hyponatraemia in emergency inpatients.

Hyponatraemia, one of the most common electrolyte abnormality when severe (<120 meq/l), has poor prognosis and fatal outcome. Published data on identification of mortality predictors in severe hyponatraemia is however insufficient. The aim of the study was to determine the characteristics, causes and outcome of severe hyponatraemia (<120 meq/l) in hospitalised patients and to identify the mortality predictors.

Macroprolactin; a frequent cause of misdiagnosed hyperprolactinemia in clinical practice.

Introduction: Macroprolactin is a significant cause of misdiagnosis, unnecessary investigation, and inappropriate treatment in patients with hyperprolactinemia. Its frequency has not been clearly established due to technical difficulties in identifying it. Most laboratories and clinicians are unaware of macroprolactin interferences in prolactin assays.

NAD(P)H oxidases in coronary artery disease.

Reactive oxygen species (ROS), especially superoxide anion and hydrogen peroxide, are important signaling molecules in cardiovascular cells. ROS participate in growth, apoptosis, and migration of vascular smooth muscle cells, in the modulation of endothelial function, including endothelium-dependent relaxation and expression of proinflammatory phenotype, and in the modification of the extracellular matrix. They have also been linked to hypertension and to pathological states associated with uncontrolled growth and inflammation leading to coronary artery disease (CAD).

Biochemical effects of irbesartan in experimental diabetic nephropathy.

Background: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is one of the most common causes of end-stage renal failure. The pathogenesis of progressive renal damage is multifactorial and the mechanism by which hyperglycemia causes microangiopathy in diabetic glomeruli is still poorly understood. Because the renin angiotensin system has been reported to be an important contributory factor in the pathophysiology of DN, exogenous administration of angiotensin II receptor antagonist may be beneficial in counteracting some biochemical or functional changes of DN.

Effect of irbesartan on streptozotocin induced diabetic nephropathy: An interventionary study.

Effect of irbesartan, an angiotensin II receptor antagonist, was studied in streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetic nephropathy. Polyuria, proteinuria, blood urea, creatinine clearance, and urinary electrolytes were determined to assess kidney damage. There was a significant increase in urine volume, urinary protein and blood urea in STZ induced diabetic rats.