Publications by authors named "Rich-Ruiz M"

Sex differences in brain metabolism and their relationship to neurodegenerative diseases like Alzheimer's are an important emerging topic in neuroscience. Intrinsic anatomic and metabolic differences related to male and female physiology have been described, underscoring the importance of considering biological sex in studying brain metabolism and associated pathologies. The hippocampus is a key structure exhibiting sex differences in volume and connectivity.

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Background: Quality indicators in healthcare are essential to raising awareness about the appropriateness of nursing care. However, identifying the key indicators continues to pose a challenge, above all if one wants to include users and professionals.

Aim: Identify which aspects of nursing care should be measured to assess the results of nursing care and how to do so.

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Article Synopsis
  • The study assessed the effectiveness of Motivational Interviewing (MI) by healthcare professionals on patients with risky alcohol use in Primary Care settings through a controlled clinical trial in Cordoba, Spain.
  • Patients were divided into an Experimental Group (EG) that received MI and a Control Group (CG) that received standard health advice, with a follow-up period of 12 months.
  • Results indicated that MI significantly reduced risky alcohol use compared to standard advice, with notable reductions in both standard drinking units and scores on the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT).
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The COVID-19 pandemic triggered an unprecedented health crisis that impacted healthcare systems worldwide. This study explores how Spanish healthcare workers learned, internalised and integrated values and work behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic and their impact on the personal sphere. This documentary research, using images, narratives and audiovisual content, was framed within the interpretative hermeneutic paradigm.

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Background: Nursing care for older women represent a challenge worldwide due to its characteristics. When communication is impaired between primary care nurses and older women living alone, an imbalance in power relations occurs. The main objective of this study is to analyse the power relations between older women and primary care nurses in situations of active listening, shared decision-making and participation in care.

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Background: Dementia, with Alzheimer's disease (AD) being the most common type of this neurodegenerative disease, is an under-diagnosed health problem in older people. The creation of classification models based on AD risk factors using Deep Learning is a promising tool to minimize the impact of under-diagnosis.

Objective: To develop a Deep Learning model that uses clinical data from patients with dementia to classify whether they have AD.

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The prevalence of pain and dementia increases with age, affecting a significant percentage of the population due to aging. Both pathologies are connected through the inflammatory process, specifically through the tumor necrosis factor. The effect of this cytokine is mediated through the modulation of its TNFRI and TNFRII receptors, which are linked to the dementia process.

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Objectives: To systematically synthesise the results of primary qualitative studies on how community-dwelling older adults experience shared decision-making processes, express preferences and actively participate in care.

Design: Systematic review of qualitative studies and qualitative meta-synthesis.

Methods: We focused on studies about community-dwelling participants aged ≥65 undergoing a health-disease process circumscribed to a primary healthcare setting, and the central theme should focus on either shared decision-making, expressing preferences or patient participation.

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Power relations in care are the link between patients and nurses regarding communication and the ability to act in this context. It can be affected when there is cultural interference between members, putting mutual understanding at risk in healthcare situations. This study analyses power relations in healthcare situations between older Norwegian patients and Spanish migrant nurses regarding active listening, shared decision-making, and patient participation.

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Introduction: Ageism could influence the relationship between older patients' meeting needs and healthcare professionals' answers.

Aims: To highlight the experience of older adults with healthcare systems, how they perceive ageism from their healthcare providers, and to explore the relationship between perceived ageism and self-perception of aging (SPA).

Methods: We conducted an exploratory qualitative study.

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Objectives: The COVID-19 pandemic and resultant lockdown and containment measures have instigated substantial changes in our daily lives and have affected many people's mental health. This paper reports two studies exploring gender-based differences with regard to the impact of COVID-related confinement on individuals' self-efficacy to regulate negative emotions (RESE-NE) and anxiety.

Methods: Study 1 (cross-sectional; 269 participants; 52% women) explored the evolution of RESE-NE and anxiety.

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The role of nurse case managers (NCM) involves a rarely visible emotional labor, even more when their role focuses on the care of elders at risk (EAR). Motivated by the lack of qualitative research on the emotional universe of NCM, this study explores the emotional universe (EU) of NCM regarding the care they provide to EAR in primary health care as well as the reasons that generate these emotions. An interpretative-phenomenological approach was implemented in southern Spain, with a purposive sampling that included nurses playing the NCM role for at least three years.

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Aims: To assess the effect of a multicomponent intervention on reducing social isolation and loneliness and improving the quality of life in community-dwelling older adults.

Design: A cluster-randomized controlled clinical trial.

Methods: A total of 56 older adults participated in the control group and 63 older adults in the experimental group.

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Aims: To identify the factors conditioning the feasibility of an intervention to reduce social isolation and loneliness in noninstitutionalized older adults from the perspective of the intervention agents.

Design: A Dimensional Grounded Theory study conducted from December 2019 to January 2020.

Methods: Twelve participants were recruited from an experimental study developed in a health district of a southern Spanish city.

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Population aging that we are currently witnessing has led to an increase in chronic age-related diseases, with dementia and depression being highlighted. Several studies establish a relationship between dementia and depression, although without defining the mechanism that links them. Some studies establish depression as a prodrome of dementia, while others consider it a risk factor for dementia.

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Objective: To identify the main conditioning factors that Primary Care professionals indicate when implementing and developing interventions on isolation and loneliness.

Design: Qualitative research with grounded theory, systematic analysis and narrative design of topics.

Location: Developed in 12 Primary Care centres of the Health District of Córdoba and Guadalquivir, covering urban and rural areas.

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Fall prevention is a key priority in healthcare policies. Multicomponent exercises reduce the risk of falls. The purpose of this study is to describe the relationship between functional performance and falls after following the Otago multicomponent exercise programme and previous falls.

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Article Synopsis
  • Research shows certain exercise programs help reduce falls among older adults, but clear recommendations on individual vs. group training are lacking due to economic evaluations.
  • This study assessed the cost-effectiveness of the Otago Exercise Program (OEP) in 498 older patients, focusing on treatment outcomes and healthcare costs.
  • Results indicated that group sessions were more cost-effective than individual sessions, with a USD 51.28 lower cost per patient and a 10% reduction in fall risk for those participating in group exercises.
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Objectives: The aim of this study was to adapt and validate the Pain Assessment in Advanced Dementia (PAINAD) scale in Spanish.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study.

Setting: Two health districts of Andalusian provinces, located in the south of Spain, through the Andalusian network of Primary Healthcare centres and four institutions dedicated to the care of patients with dementia.

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The pain assessment in advanced dementia (PAINAD) appears to be a clinically useful tool. However, the salivary determination of tumor necrosis factor receptor type II (sTNF-RII) and secretory IgA (sIgA) as pain biomarkers is still incipient. The aim was to correlate the PAINAD score with sTNF-RII and sIgA biomarker levels in the saliva of patients with advanced dementia.

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The objective of this review was to understand how participants experience the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly. Therefore, we conducted a systematic review of qualitative studies. The articles were included if they were original studies with qualitative/mixed methodology, written in English/Spanish, and that approached the decision-making process regarding the place of care for the elderly, already experienced by the participants.

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Preventing the onset of dementia and Alzheimer's disease (AD), improving the diagnosis, and slowing the progression of these diseases remain a challenge. The aim of this study was to elucidate the association between depression and dementia/AD and to identify possible relationships between these diseases and different sociodemographic and clinical features. In this regard, a case-control study was conducted in Spain in 2018-2019.

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Background: Relocation is a very important event in people's lives in general, but really significant in old age. However, some predictors of relocation still need to be improved. The objective of this review was to synthesize qualitative evidence to understand the reasons of the participants to decide on the place of care of the older people.

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Background/purpose: Severe food allergies in children have serious consequences for their daily lives, but also for their families. The aim of the present study was to validate the impact on family scale (IOFS) in families of school-age children with severe food allergies (SFA) in Spain.

Design/methods: A total of 299 families from south Spain were assessed using the IOFS.

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Purpose: The purpose of the present study is to understand the experience of living a chronic disease in the school, from the perspective of the parents.

Design And Methods: A Grounded Theory study was proposed with a sample of 14 affected families with children between three and eleven years old, all of them from the west and south of Spain. Information was collected using semi-structured surveys and the constant comparative method was used for the analysis.

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