Predictors of imminent non-vertebral fracture in elderly women with osteoporosis, low bone mass, or a history of fracture, based on data from the population-based Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study (CaMos).

Unlabelled: Using data from the Canadian Multicentre Osteoporosis Study, several risk factors predictive of imminent (2-year) risk of low-trauma non-vertebral fracture among high-risk women were identified, including history of falls, history of low-trauma fracture, poorer physical function, and lower T score. Careful consideration should be given to targeting this population for therapy.

Purpose: Fracture risk assessment has focused on a long-term horizon and populations with a broad risk range.

Correction to: Treatment patterns in patients with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Japan: retrospective chart review.

In this article it was mistakenly stated that Akimitsu Miyauchi is affiliated with both Miyauchi Medical Center, Osaka and Amgen Astellas BioPharma K.K., Tokyo.

Treatment patterns in patients with osteoporosis at high risk of fracture in Japan: retrospective chart review.

Unlabelled: Osteoporosis (OP) causes reduced bone strength and increases risk of fractures. Medical records from specialist clinics in Japan of postmenopausal women with OP and high risk of fracture were analysed. Majority of patients were treated for OP as recommended and were prescribed OP medications soon after high-risk OP diagnosis.

Hospitalizations for osteoporosis-related fractures: Economic costs and clinical outcomes.

Background: Osteoporotic fractures frequently require inpatient care, and are associated with elevated risks of morbidity, mortality, and re-hospitalization. A comprehensive evaluation of healthcare costs, resource utilization, and outcomes associated with osteoporosis (OP)-related fractures treated in US hospitals was undertaken.

Methods: A retrospective analysis using the Premier Perspective Database (2010 - 2013) was conducted.

Comparative effectiveness of granulocyte colony-stimulating factors to prevent febrile neutropenia and related complications in cancer patients in clinical practice: A systematic review.

Introduction: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious side-effect of myelosuppressive chemotherapy. Several clinical trials and observational studies have evaluated the effects of prophylactic granulocyte colony-stimulating factors (G-CSFs) on risk of FN and related complications; however, no systematic reviews have focused on effectiveness in routine clinical practice. Here, we perform a systematic review assessing the comparative effectiveness of prophylaxis with a long-acting G-CSF (pegfilgrastim) versus short-acting G-CSFs (filgrastim, lenograstim, and filgrastim biosimilars) in cancer patients in real-world clinical settings.

Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia with early discontinuation of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis in US clinical practice.

Purpose: Accumulating evidence suggests that not all cancer chemotherapy patients who receive first-cycle pegfilgrastim prophylaxis continue to receive it in subsequent cycles and that these patients may be subsequently at higher risk of febrile neutropenia (FN). Additional evidence from US clinical practice is warranted.

Methods: Data from two US private healthcare claims repositories were employed.

Risk of chemotherapy-induced febrile neutropenia in cancer patients receiving pegfilgrastim prophylaxis: does timing of administration matter?

Purpose: Contrary to the approved indication for pegfilgrastim prophylaxis, some patients receive it on the same day as the last administration of chemotherapy in clinical practice, which could adversely impact risk of febrile neutropenia (FN). An evaluation of the timing of pegfilgrastim prophylaxis and FN risk was undertaken.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design and data from two US private health care claims repositories were employed.

Risk of infection among patients with non-metastatic solid tumors or non-Hodgkin's lymphoma receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy and antimicrobial prophylaxis in US clinical practice.

Purpose Guidelines generally do not recommend oral antimicrobials for prophylaxis against chemotherapy-related infections in patients with solid tumors. Evidence on antimicrobial prophylaxis use, and associated chemotherapy-related infection risk, in US clinical practice is limited. Methods A retrospective cohort design and data from two US private healthcare claims repositories (2008-2011) were employed.

Importance of Risk Factors for Febrile Neutropenia Among Patients Receiving Chemotherapy Regimens Not Classified as High-Risk in Guidelines for Myeloid Growth Factor Use.

Background: Clinical practice guidelines recommend prophylaxis in patients with cancer receiving a colony-stimulating factor (CSF) when the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) is high (>20%). For patients receiving chemotherapy regimens not documented as high-risk, the decision regarding CSF prophylaxis use can be challenging, because some patients may be at high risk based on a combination of the regimen and individual risk factors.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design and US private health care claims data were used.

Risk and Consequences of Chemotherapy-Induced Febrile Neutropenia in Patients With Metastatic Solid Tumors.

Purpose: Although studies have evaluated the risk and consequences of febrile neutropenia (FN) among patients receiving cancer chemotherapy in US clinical practice, none have focused on a broad group of patients with metastatic disease.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design and health care claims (2006 to 2011) from private health plans covering a geographically diverse US population of > 30 million persons annually were used. The study population included adults who underwent myelosuppressive chemotherapy for metastatic cancer of the breast (MBC), colon/rectum (MCRC), lung (MLC), ovaries (MOC), or prostate (MPC).

Risk of febrile neutropenia in patients receiving emerging chemotherapy regimens.

Purpose: Considerable evidence exists concerning the risk of febrile neutropenia (FN) associated with well-established, older chemotherapy regimens. Little is known, however, about the risks associated with many regimens that were introduced in the past decade and have become the predominant choice for certain cohorts of patients or are increasingly being used in clinical practice.

Methods: A retrospective cohort design and US healthcare claims data (2006-2011) were employed.

Risk and consequences of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications in patients receiving daily filgrastim: the importance of duration of prophylaxis.

Background: To examine duration of daily filgrastim prophylaxis, and risk and consequences of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications (CINC) requiring inpatient care.

Methods: Using a retrospective cohort design and US healthcare claims data (2001-2010), we identified all cancer patients who initiated ≥1 course of myelosuppressive chemotherapy and received daily filgrastim prophylactically in ≥1 cycle. Cycles with daily filgrastim prophylaxis were pooled for analyses.

Prevalence of antibiotic resistance in US hospitals.

The percentage of isolates resistant to essential antibiotics among clinically significant bacterial pathogens was evaluated using data from 80089 qualifying admissions in 19 US hospitals (2007-2010). Percentage resistant was highest for the following pathogen/antibiotic pairs: Enterococcus faecium/vancomycin (87.1% [95% CI 86.

Costs associated with febrile neutropenia in the US.

Background And Objective: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a potentially life-threatening condition that may develop in cancer patients treated with myelosuppressive chemotherapy and result in considerable costs. This study was designed to estimate US healthcare utilization and costs in those experiencing FN by location of care, tumour type and mortality.

Methods: Cancer patients who received chemotherapy between 2001 and 2006 were identified from the HealthCore Integrated Research Database®, a longitudinal claims database with enrolment, medical, prescription and mortality information covering 12 health plans and more than 20 million US patients.

Risk and healthcare costs of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications in women with metastatic breast cancer.

Background: The burden of chemotherapy-induced neutropenic complications (CINC) in women with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) is largely unknown and may differ across cancer populations due to variation in the characteristics of patients, their disease and their treatment.

Methods: This study employed a retrospective cohort design and US healthcare claims data (2003-2009). For each woman in the study database who received myelotoxic chemotherapy for MBC, the first observed course and each cycle within the course were characterized.

Incidence of reduced chemotherapy relative dose intensity among women with early stage breast cancer in US clinical practice.

Chemotherapy is widely used to treat early stage breast cancer (ESBC). Reductions and delays in dose administered--e.g.

Comparative effectiveness of filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, and sargramostim as prophylaxis against hospitalization for neutropenic complications in patients with cancer receiving chemotherapy.

Background: Comparative effectiveness of filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, and sargramostim in preventing hospitalization for febrile neutropenia (FN) during myelosuppressive chemotherapy has not been well characterized and is an important clinical question in oncology.

Methods: This study used a retrospective cohort design and US healthcare claims data. Source population included patients with solid tumors receiving filgrastim, pegfilgrastim, or sargramostim during their first observed course of chemotherapy between July 2001 and June 2007.

Comparative effectiveness of colony-stimulating factors for febrile neutropenia: a retrospective study.

Background: Granulocyte colony stimulating factors (G-CSFs) decrease the incidence of febrile neutropenia (FN) in cancer patients receiving myelosuppressive chemotherapy. There are two G-CSFs (pegfilgrastim and filgrastim) that differ in dosing schedules from which oncologists may prescribe.

Objectives: This study aimed to compare the effectiveness of prophylactic pegfilgrastim and filgrastim on the risk of hospitalizations.

Risk of mortality in patients with cancer who experience febrile neutropenia.

Background: Febrile neutropenia (FN) is a serious and potentially life-threatening condition that may develop in patients with cancer who receive myelosuppressive chemotherapy. The risk of mortality from FN is not well characterized in current clinical practice.

Methods: Patients with cancer who were receiving chemotherapy in clinical practice were identified from a large US healthcare claims database, and mortality was confirmed using the National Death Index.

Patients' Perceptions of Physician-Patient Discussions and Adverse Events with Cancer Therapy.

OBJECTIVES: Patients with cancer who are treated with chemotherapy report adverse events during their treatment, which can affect their quality of life and increase the likelihood that their treatment will not be completed. In this study, patients' perceptions of the physician-patient relationship and communication about cancer-related issues, particularly adverse events were examined. METHODS: We surveyed 508 patients with cancer concerning the occurrence of adverse events and their relationship and communication with their physicians regarding cancer, treatment, and adverse events.

Risk of hospitalization for neutropenic complications of chemotherapy in patients with primary solid tumors receiving pegfilgrastim or filgrastim prophylaxis: a retrospective cohort study.

Background: In a meta-analysis of data from randomized trials, the risk of febrile neutropenia during myelosuppressive chemotherapy was reported to be lower with pegfilgrastim prophylaxis than filgrastim prophylaxis. However, there is limited information on the comparative effectiveness of these agents in clinical practice.

Objective: This study was undertaken to compare the risks of hospitalization for neutropenic complications of chemotherapy in US clinical practice in patients with primary solid tumors receiving pegfilgrastim or filgrastim prophylaxis.

Survey assessment of continuation of and satisfaction with pharmacological treatment for urinary incontinence.

Purpose: To evaluate treatment satisfaction and compliance with pharmacologic therapy in urinary incontinence patients.

Materials And Methods: An online survey was returned by 1447 individuals from a nationwide panel of adults who had previously reported treatment for incontinence symptoms and agreed to participate in survey research. Data on demographics, incontinence severity, treatment compliance, and satisfaction were obtained.

Comparison of botulinum neurotoxin preparations for the treatment of cervical dystonia.

Background: Comparative studies of botulinum neurotoxin preparations to date have generally examined 2 preparations at prespecified dose ratios in relatively homogeneous groups of patients under controlled study conditions. It is unclear whether the differences in adverse-event rates that have been noted under these controlled conditions can be generalized to the broader population of cervical dystonia patients, who are treated with a wider range of doses in a variety of settings.

Objective: We conducted a systematic review and analysis of the published literature to compare rates of dysphagia and dry mouth in studies of botulinum neurotoxin products.

Reliability and validity of the Incontinence Quality of Life questionnaire in patients with neurogenic urinary incontinence.

Objective: To assess the reliability, validity, responsiveness, and minimally important difference (MID) of the Incontinence Quality of Life (I-QOL) questionnaire in patients with urinary incontinence due to neurogenic detrusor overactivity.

Design: Randomized, double-blind, multicenter, placebo-controlled study.

Setting: Eight centers across Belgium, France, and Switzerland.

Effectiveness of repeated treatment with botulinum toxin type A across different conditions.

This review assessed the overall effectiveness of repeated treatments with botulinum toxin type A (BoNTA) across different conditions, as documented in the published literature. Forty-four original research articles reporting on 16 different conditions were identified that included data on the duration or efficacy of multiple treatments with BoNTA. All of the 44 studies found sustained or enhanced improvement in efficacy and/or duration over the follow-up period, which ranged from a few treatments to more than 10 years.